BRITISH MARINE TURBELLARIA. 437 



Monotus lineatus and Couvoluta paradoxa are inte- 

 resting as being the first records of British Rhabdocoelida. 

 The habits and reproduction are well described, but the anatomy 

 is very far behind the knowledge of the time. For ten years 

 (1852 — 1862) little work on these forms was done in this 

 country, while Oscar Schmidt, Schultze, and Leuckart on the 

 Continent were extending a monographic and systematic 

 knowledge of the group. In 1859, however, Claparede spent 

 August and September in the Hebrides, chiefly at Skye. In a 

 most interesting paper (35) he describes Convoluta paradoxa 

 (in which he determined successive hermaphroditism), Meso- 

 stomum marmoratum, Prostomum caledonicum. 

 Vortex quadrioculata, Enterostomum fingalianum, 

 and the Polyclads Centrostomum Mertensii and 

 Eurylepta aurita. Similar researches (36) on the coast of 

 Normandy showed what a varied Turbellarian fauna existed 

 there. No one, however, was found in this country to advance 

 our knowledge of the group on similar lines. 



In 1865 the ' Catalogue of Non-parasitical Worms in the 

 British Museum ' appeared. The marine Turbellaria are taken 

 from the works of Johnston, Thompson, and Dalyell, together 

 with a few new records. 



A year later Lankester (39) issued a list of the fauna of 

 Firman Bay, Guernsey, containing Convoluta paradoxa, 

 Leptoplana auricularis, L. flexilis, and Eurylepta 

 cornuta. In 1875 Mcintosh (45) published his 'Marine 

 Invertebrates and Fishes of St. Andrews,' in which several 

 Turbellaria are mentioned. The occurrence of Prostoma 

 lineare, Oe. (Gyrator hermaphroditus, Ehrg.), in the sea, 

 and a short description of Meso stoma bifidum, n. sp. 

 (Pseudorhynchus bifidus), are specially noteworthy. 

 V. Graff paid a visit to Millport, the results of which are 

 incorporated in his great monograph ([53,] 1882, p. 437). 

 Twenty-four marine species of this group were found and 

 fully described. In the summers of 1884 and 1885, Koehler 

 explored the Channel Islands. A list of the forms obtained 

 may be found in the ' Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.,' fifth 



