IMMUNITY AGAINST MICEOBES. 447 



de Medecine Experiraentale et d^Anatomie Pathologique,' vol. 

 iii, No. 1, 1891, p. 119.) 



Such competent observers as Pfuhl,^ Merke,^ Leitz, and 

 Lucatello,^ failed to find any micro-organisms in the blood of 

 patients during the third and fourth week of typhoid fever. 

 Neuhaus* examined the blood in nine cases of the same 

 disease, by inoculating it on gelatine tubes ; all the tubes 

 remained sterile, with the exception of six, which had been 

 inoculated with the blood coming from the spots of six 

 diflPerent patients. Riitimeyer^ came to similar results, and 

 hence we may conclude that in this disease the blood contains 

 the specific bacilli in an intermittent manner only, although 

 the spleen^ always contains them. These clinical results agree 

 exactly with the experimental data; for it has been found'^ 

 that if a pure culture of typhoid bacilli be injected into the 

 veins of a rabbit, the animal killed after eighteen hours, and 

 particles of organs, &c., sown on gelatine plates, the number 

 of colonies varies with the organs used. 



Thus the spleen gave .... 242 colonies. 



Medulla ossium 200 „ 



Liver 12 „ 



Heart nil. 



The bacillus of tubercle in man at least has only once been 

 met with in the blood,^ and yet it is undoubtedly carried about 

 by this fluid. Thus meningeal tubercles are often closely 

 applied to a small artery which is obliterated by fibrin. In 

 the tunica intima of vessels of tubercular meninges^ are found 

 a large number of bacilli, small cells and giant-cells ; and all 



1 'Deutsche Militararzte Zeitschrift,' 1886, p. 23. 

 » 'Munich Med. Wochenschrift,' 1880, p. 491. 

 3 'Bull. d'Academ. de Geneva,' ii, 3, 1887. 



* 'Berlin Klin. Wochenschrift,' 1886, p. 389. 



* ' Correspoudenzblatt f. Schweiz Aerzte,' p. 397, 1887. 



fi Chantemesse and Widal, ' Arch, de Physiologic,' March, 1887. 

 "> Wyssokowitcli, loc. cit. 



8 Weichselbaum, 'Wiener Med. Wochenschr.,' 1884, No. 12. 

 ^ Cornil, "Contribution a I'etude de la Tuberculose," ' Journ. de rAnatomie,' 

 1880. 



