ON KYNOTUS CINGULATUS. 451 
was for so long believed to be without a clitellum, till Bourne 
described it in M. sapphirinaoides, it is a very temporary 
structure in Kynotus. 
Generative and other Pores.—As in the other species, 
there are four pairs of openings leading into more or less 
extensive internal sacs (figs. 1,2). Of these the largest lies 
in segment xv (ring 25) in line with the ventral chete ; this is 
an ‘‘eye-like’’ opening, with the margins marked by radial 
grooves, and presenting, within, a rounded papilla, sunk below 
the general surface, and not visible in all the three specimens. 
Immediately in front of this pore (which Rosa and Michaelsen 
describe as the ‘‘ male pore’’) lies a second on segment xIv 
(ring 24) of smaller size, and having rather a slit-like shape. 
In front again, on segment x11 (ring 33), another of the 
same appearance, but lying rather more laterally than the two 
posterior pores. The most anterior pair of pores lies on 
ring 21, the anterior annulus of segment x11; these have the 
same appearance as the others, but lie very much nearer the 
ventral mid-line than they do. In arrangement these pores 
agree with what has been described by previous authors. 
Of these four pairs of pores the three anterior pairs are the 
openings of “ prostates,” or “‘sphermiducal glands,” as Beddard 
has recently proposed to term these structures, and of the sacs 
containing penial chete. The fourth and largest pair gives 
exit to large copulatory organs of very characteristic appear- 
ance and of relatively enormous size, through which the sperm- 
duct opens. These organs I shall speak of as “ claspers,” for 
they are evidently not capable of insertion into any sac during 
copulation: they are not penes in the ordinary sense of the word. 
In two of my specimens the organ on the left side was pro- 
truded—in one case fully, in the other only partially. The 
fully protruded clasper is represented from below in fig. 2, 
and from above in fig. 3. It is somewhat circular in outline, 
flat, or even slightly concave dorsally or outwardly, convex 
ventrally,i.e. medially. On the latter face is a “ semicircular 
ridge ” (fig. 2, 7 and 3) near the free margin, from which it is 
separated by a groove. From nearly the middle of its course 
