ON KYNOTUS CINGULATUS. 461 
each of the first three rings to be a segment, so that there are 
five segments (instead of four, as in my species) in front of the 
first strong septum. At first sight one might be inclined to 
suggest that Michaelsen had overlooked the first nephridio- 
pore, but as he stripped the cuticle from the worm there can 
be no mistake in the matter; the first nephridium of K. cin- 
gulatus is therefore absent in these two species. It is still 
possible thus to regard two of these rings as forming one seg- 
ment, as I have described for the present species. He finds the 
nephridiopores to lie in front of the rings 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, &c.; 
whereas I find them in front of 2, 4, 6, and so on. It is just 
possible that I have made an error in observation, for I did not 
strip the cuticle for my specimen, which was too hardened for 
this manipulation, but I traced the duct to its pore. 
Nevertheless he shows that K. michaelsenii differs in the 
amount of annulation from K. longus and others in that 
the segment 111 is biannulate, whilst in other forms the 
biannulation commences on the next segment, and that it 
ceases at segment x; whereas in K. longus it ceases at seg- 
ment x111, and in K. oswaldi, as in my species, at segment xII. 
This annulation, like the number of thick septa, appears to 
be a specific character, as well as the segment on which the 
cheetee commence. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATES 33 and 34, 
Illustrating Dr. Blaxland Benham’s paper on “Kynotus 
cingulatus, a new species of Earthworm from Imerina, 
in Madagascar.” 
(Throughout the figures ‘‘annuli” are indicated by Arabic, and 
‘**segments” by Roman numerals). 
Fic. 1.—Ventral surface of Kynotus cingulatus (x 2). The annuli are 
marked with Arabic numbers mostly on the right side. The Roman numerals 
VoL. 38, PART 4,—NEW SER. II 
