582 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



not going to talk missible oil. The use of this material depends on 

 its application to every alt'ected spot, Hie very spot where it is liable 

 to be alloeletl, especially on the new giowth, with the San .Tose scale. 

 In order to do the work in the right manner, you must have the right 

 tools. I want to devote a little time to a discussion of what I con- 

 sider are of the improvements in the machinery for spraying, because 

 T think it is practical and because I think you are interested in that. 

 When we first started in the spraying operation, we had what 

 you might call a common ''squirt gun," and we shot the stutf right 

 and left, wasteful to extravagance in the use of the material, and 

 not always hitting all the parts that were to be treated. We went 

 on from that to the use of other machinery, Avhich were improve- 

 ments. I have something like about twenty nozzles here, but cannot 

 call your attention to all, but I want to call your attention to some 

 of the moie common, because they are spray nozzles of a type that 

 is good. Here is a class of nozzles known as the Vermorel, which 

 I believe did wonderful work, grand work. Here is a triple Ver- 

 morel and here is the double one to be attached. The Vermorel 

 was a good nozzle, no question about it, and it is a good nozzle to- 

 day for the man who wants to use it, but the average commercial 

 orchardist wants something which Avill throw more material, and 

 which doesn't have these protruding parts, which are almost sure 

 to catch in the limbs of the large trees. Those are absolutely bad 

 and those of you who have held the s])ray nozzle know it, because 

 you ran that up into a tree to spray all the parts, and you have to 

 ibe able to get them back without pulling very hard, because if you 

 pull hard you are liable to get the thing out of order. These are 

 also quite apt to clog. The aperture is very small and the capacity 

 of the nozzle is limited. There has been a great change in the mat- 

 ter of machines for applying this spray. The old-fashioned hand 

 pump was a crude affair, a common bucket pump, in some instances. 

 From that we have developed a new pump, and I believe a man can 

 raise as good fruit with the ordinary good improved hand pump as 

 he can with any power pump that was ever made. He can do it, 

 but the trouble is, he is not liable to do it. I know from experience 

 that a person who stands and pumps and furnishes the elbow grease 

 and the backache and the tired feeling that goes with the manipula- 

 tion of a hand pump isn't going to stand there and give that tree all 

 it needs. Sometimes he will "think, — "I guess that has had all I 

 care to fool with, and I will move on," Avhereas, if you can put that 

 on with steam or gas or some traction power, whatever may be your 

 best method, and not have to depend on your own muscle, you will 

 slay until you have done a good job, so I say you had better have 

 something to furnish the power, because the difference between a 

 half job and a good job means the difference between failure and 

 success and the difference in dollars and cents returned may mean 

 even the price of a half dozen good power outfits in the course of 

 one year. We have come to our changed stylos of nozzles, partly 

 because we have come to a changed condition and changer demand 

 in our machinery. The large commercial orchardist today must get 

 over a lot of ground. It has to be done promptly. This work isn't 

 like a job of threshing, where you thresh for one man today and one 

 man tomorrow. When we first started this power spraying, some 

 one suggested we could buy one outfit for the neighborhood. That 



