No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 583 



seemed good, but when you stop to think that time is an essential 

 element in this, instead of one doing the neighborhood job, you may 

 have to have three or lour to do one orchard job, and I say from ex- 

 perience, I believe that it does pay a man to invest good money in good 

 machinery, and then take good care of it, and you will get it back 

 in one year, two years or three years, and it will come back with 

 good big rates of interest added to it. When we were spraying, 

 and we had the idea with the hand pump that we were getting about 

 85 to 150 pounds pressure, and we judged that by the pain in our 

 backs instead of any gauge on that machine to tell that, we thought 

 we were doing something, and of course we used small nozzles, but 

 as I say, when we came to the idea that we wanted more pressure in 

 order to force that spray, a large amount of spray under heavy 

 pressure, so as to force the poison into the calyx and also carry it 

 to every part of the tree in a line mist, it required more pressure 

 than could be furnished by any man, ancl there came the question of 

 a power sprayer. 



We have changed to a number of other nozzles and attachments 

 which are good. Here is a spray called the long distance spray. 

 Some of you know its type. It had its use and is adjusted by simply 

 sliding this piece of brass here. Hers are two large apertures set at 

 an angle. Here is a solid one, quite large, to make a solid stream, 

 and the pioneer one over here, that did very well. We have also 

 here a class of sprays, in which the one, called the Seneca, has one 

 hole that strikes at a different angle on .a spreader that will get 

 rid of a lot of material. It does very well. We have men in our 

 locality today that stand by the old McGowan nozzle and the old 

 Bordeaux nozzle. Now we come to a different class, and without 

 mentioning any others in particular, I want to touch upon a class 

 Avhich is more adapted to our present needs, especially to the man 

 who uses a power sprayer. It is a class of disc nozzles, in which a 

 whirling motion is given to the mixture by the way in which it 

 enters this chamber. It either enters through two holes, at an angle, 

 causing this spray to whirl, then passing it through a steel disc, the 

 nozzle being made of brass, or some other lighter material, and 

 causes a whirling motion and breaks up the spray into a very satis- 

 factory spray. These sprays have been manufactured to answer a 

 demand for a large capacity by a number of different manufacturers, 

 and they are all more or less good. They are all built upon the 

 same plan. I don't know whether there is any infringement in the 

 matter of manufacture, but they are practically the same thing, ex- 

 cept that this little piece in the centre which admits the mixture and 

 causes it to rotate or whirl, is made of different styles. 



Another point I tried to illustrate to you pesterday in that slide, 

 where I showed a spraying apparatus throwing the spray down, 

 as I said, it is impossible to throw down when you are below the 

 point of application, unless you have a hook or angle in the nozzle 

 that will cause that direction to be down, or in that general direction, 

 so to meet that, the manufacturers have done two things, either one 

 of which meets the trouble. They have placed the spray nozzle it- 

 self on an angle, and in that case we now have the possibility of 

 throwing that spray down or, in fact, in any direction we see fit. 

 In fact, by turning my bamboo rod, I can get any angle of appli- 

 cation nearly as I want it. There is another way of applying that, 



