654 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



the true cases are aj)parentlj only covered ni) temporarily by such 

 treatment and in the meantime are menacing the general health of 

 the orchard. The best procedure, therefore, is to eliminate so far 

 as possible, the inlluences that tend to develop the ''imitation yel- 

 lows" by maintaining the best ]»ossible orchard practice and then 

 destroying on sight all cases that do appear, on the assumption that 

 they are true cases of yellows. 



BROWN ROT, SCAB, AND CURCULIO TREATMENT 



The control of brown rot also involves that of the curculio and 

 incidentally secures the control of peach scab or black spot which 

 usually mars or destro^'s so much unsprayed fruit. A very satis- 

 factorj^ plan for this purpose is the one advised by Scott, of the 

 Bureau of Plant Industry. It is rapidly becoming the legular prac- 

 tice of commercial peach growers. With slight modifications, the 

 plan is as follows: 



(1) About the time the calyces (or shucks) are shedding, spray 

 with arsenate of lead at the rate of two pounds to 50 gallons of 

 water. In order to reduce the caustic properties of the poison, add 

 milk of lime made from slaking two pounds of stone lime. 



(2) About three or four weeks after the calyces drop, spray 

 with 8-8-50 self boiled lime-sulphur and two pounds of arsenate of 

 lead. 



(3) About one month before the fruit ripens, spray with 8-8-50 

 self-boiled lime-sulphur or with 1.003 lime-sulphur solution, omitting 

 the poison. 



The use of the clear solution in the third spray is handier, cheaper 

 and avoids any important staining of the fruit, which may be 

 quite serious with the self-boiled lime-sulphur in the last spray. 

 The self-boiled is the only safe material to use in combination with 

 commercial lead arsenate in the second spray, however. Our present 

 experiments indicate that a strictly neutral ortho-arsenate of lead, 

 Ph3 (As04)2, is safest with lime-sulphur solutions, but even this 

 combination cannot be recommended unconditionally on peaches as 

 yet. 



VARIETIES 



The following list gives the principal varieties now in cultiva- 

 tion in the State, so far as the writer has been able to learn. It also 

 includes some varieties that, judging by their behavior elsewhere, 

 are of probable value here, and some that are widely known Init are 

 rather undesirable, as indicated by the accomi)anying descri{»tions. 

 Further selection should, of course, be made on the basis of local ex- 

 perience and market. Six or eight varieties well distributed through 

 the season are usually ample for the comuiercial orchard. These 

 may well be selected from the following group of varieties, with the 

 aid of our descriptions given later, supplemented by local inquiry: 

 Gh'eensboro, St. John, Waddell, Carman, Hiley, Champion, Belle, 

 Ede, Elberta, Stump, Crosby, Fox, Smock, Iron Mountain, Stevens 

 and Salway. This group gives a succession from early July to 

 October, and the varieties are named approximately in order of 

 ripening. 



The relative commercial value of the varieties is indicated by 

 stars. Two stars (**) indicate those considered fully commercial; 



