GENERAL TREATMENT FOR SPRAYING APPLE ORCHARDS. 



Special Bulletin No. 1);', 



BY IT. J. EUSTACE AND R. II. I'ETTIT. 



In the FalLj Winter or Early Spring^ make an Inspection for scale- 

 insects. Look on the twigs and branches of trees in dillerent parts of the 

 (trchard. The kind most commonly found are: San Jose, Oyster-shell, 

 Scurfy, and the JiIurgi'ean FRurr-ScALE. If you cannot identif}^ them, 

 send twigs or a strip of bark to The Entomologist, Michigan Agricultural 

 College Experiment Station, East Lansing, Michigan. Scale-insects are 

 serious pests, (especially the San Jose), and must be destroyed. 



Just Before the Buds Open^ if scale is found, spray with strong lime- 

 sulplmr or Scalccide or some other efficient scale destroyer, (See direc- 

 tions for making and using on page 531.) Be thorough in this. Cover 

 every part of the tree. 



As Soon As the Blossom Buds Separate in the Clusters, While They 

 Are *'In the Pink," a spraying must be made to prevent Scab^ the 

 Canker- Worm, the Bud-Moth and possibly a few other insects, as Plant- 

 Lice and Red-Bug. Read the instructions for these on the following page. 



For this spray may be used Bordeaux-mixture or lime-sulphur for the 

 Scab and to each 50 gallons of either add for chewing insects tw^o or 

 three pounds of arsenate of lead paste or from 1 to 1% pounds of arsenate 

 of lead powder or % pound of arsenate of calcium powder. If plant- 

 lice or red-bug are present when this spraying is to be made, add to the 

 Bordeaux or dilute lime-sulphur and poison, i/^ pint of "Black Leaf 40'' 

 or some other 40% nicotine-sulphate solution. 



Immediately After the Blossoms Fall, and before the calyx closes 

 make another spraying. Use the same materials as in the previous appli- 

 cation, but if plant-lice or red-bug are not found, the "Black Leaf 40" or 

 other 40% nicotine solution will not have to be added. This is an im- 

 iwrtant spray especially for the Codling-moth (worm). 



About Two Weeks After the Above Appliction, make another. Use 

 the Bordeaux-mixture or lime-sulphur, plus poison, as before. 



About the First Week in August, there will be a second generation 

 of codling-moths to do serious damage to fall and winter varieties. A 

 s])raying is necessary to destroy them and frequently a late summer 

 development of the Scab fungus is serious. For this treatment use 

 Bordeaux-mixture or lime-sulphur, plus the full amount of poison. 



The Lesser Apple-Worm works more superficially than the codliug- 

 moth. Sometimes it merely mines under the skin. It resembles the 

 codling-moth in many ways, but is smaller. When present it requires 

 a spray of poison to be applied when the standard winter varieties are 

 from 1% to 2 inches in diameter. This spraying should be thoroughly 

 done. It takes the place of the second application after the petals fall. 

 The other regular sprays will also help to keep the Lesser Apple-worm 

 in check. 



