WINTER MEETING. 169 



Jye applied very liberally to all parts of the tree or plant, and all over 

 the surface of the ground. This is said to act in a limited way as a 

 fertilizer, and I do not doubt it. The second spraying should begin as 

 soon as the blossoms have fallen, and be finished as soon as possible, 

 and followed with the third in about two weeks. Use the regular for- 

 mula for Bordeaux mixture in the last two, with the added one of Paris 

 green. 



The only way to get the full benefit from spraying is to get the 

 best machine and material, determine to do the work well, and as near 

 the right time as possible, and as often as necessary. The best ma- 

 chine is one that is run by power from the wheel of the wagon. There 

 are a great number of styles of nozzles made by different parties, all 

 claimed to be the best, but the best of them have their faults. As 

 stated above, uone of us have learned all about spraying, but the the- 

 ory is certainly right, and we are learning more and more every year; 

 and it is only a question of time when spraying will be the rule, and 

 not the exception ; when the orchardist who fails to spray will get very 



little commercial fruit. 



Paul Evans, Olden, Mo. 



DISCUSSION ON SPRAYING. 



Mr. Gilbert — I find that from almost every section of our State, 

 San Jose scale bark has obtained a foot-hold. Some of the trees, of 

 course, have only a single scale, but in a number of sections I have 

 found that trees were destroyed completely in from three to four years 

 from the time it first made its appearance. Of course we will have to 

 spray, and spray thoroughly to keep this insect in check. If we do 

 not do it, our orchards will be destroyed very quickly. I think that is 

 one branch of the spraying business that must be looked after very 

 closely if we hops to have any live trees in five years from now. 



Prof. Whitten — I bad a little experience with this insect. A 

 gentleman called my attention to some of them. He said a good many 

 of his trees were covered all over, and that they were dying off, and 

 he wanted to know what to do wit<i them. I wrote the man to apply 

 kerosene for the young ones when they were hatching out. He applied 

 this, and he afterward met me at the station and said these scales began 

 to let loose, and that the young ones were immediately killed on all the 

 trees. Six or eight others tried the coal oil as recommended, and they 

 were all reporting good results. One spraying did not in all cases kill 

 all of them, but the majority were killed, sufficient to show that if 

 applied at the hatching time it would be very beneficial. Spraying 



