230 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



roof and sides, and then covered with soil from the cellar. An outer 

 door, and then a short passage way to the inner door, where the cellar 

 proper begins, is required. If a person can afford it, this outer wall 

 and cover might be made of stone and then would be permanent. In 

 some places the roof of the cellar proper might need the support of 

 timbers, if made very wide ; in other places the roof would be of stone 

 and only need supports to make it as large as it might need. 



If found impossible to get the side hill as here outlined, then the 

 next best plan would be to select some location where the drainage is 

 good and scrape out the cellar, only have it not to exceed 16 feet wide 

 and as long as necessary. After excavation set a row of posts through 

 the center and place a strong heavy ridge-pole on top of them. Set a 

 row of posts on each side of the excavation with strong poles on top 

 of them. Use logs for the cover and lay them close together; fill the 

 cracks so that the dirt will not sift through and then cover it all with 

 the soil; have the soil well packed, so that the rain will not penetrate. 

 A ventilator at the rear end, extending to the floor with a valve open- 

 ing at the top of the cellar, should be put in, so that cold air can be 

 admitted to the bottom of the cellar or warm air can be taken out from 

 the top. 



Bins made on each side for the reception of the apples will be 

 sufficient. Apples placed in bulk thus will keep much better than 

 when placed on shelves. Keeping the air from the fruit will hold fruit 

 much better than allowing the air to pass over the fruit. 



If the apples are to be barreled, then put them into barrels loosely 

 and stack the barrels oce on top of the other until the cellar is full. 

 When you wish to sell, take the barrels down, empty on tables pre- 

 pared for the purpose, and sort out and pack ready for market. 



Where these cellars cannot be made, then a double house with 

 the space filled with sawdust and the roof double and filled with saw- 

 dust also, will be the next best thing, but much more expensive. A 

 foot or ten inches of space should be allowed for the filling, in order 

 that the temperature may not change in the house. 



If we keep in mind the fact that it is the changes of temperature 

 that injures fruit more than anything except " too warm," we can easily 

 understand the necessity of care in the building. 



Overproduction has been a bugaboo for lo these many years. This 

 year we hear more of it than ever before, and too many have listened 

 to the song until they have come to believe it and let thousands of 

 bushels of apples and other fruit rot on the ground. Have you learned 

 the lesson of having valuable market varieties to sell ? On one side 

 you will hear the cry, We have too many Ben Davis ; and on the other 



