MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS. 337 



loss, the products, good or bad, are forced on the market at a great 

 sacrifice, and this is one reason why canned goods are so very low. 



It is said that there were erected last year in the State of Indiana 

 alone enough canneries to produce canned goods for allmost the entire 

 country. 



A large amount of our culls may be worked into jelly stock, but 

 then, it would have to compete with the cheap stuff made from gelatine 

 and other cheap material, so that there would be nothing left for the 

 man who grows the apples. 



A vast amount of our culls might be worked into cider, but that 

 is sold at so low a figure now by those who are prepared to make it in 

 large quantities that there is nothing in it for the grower. You say — 

 '* make vinegar." Well, apples do make the best vinegar, but what 

 will be done with it when it is made? Go to the dealer and offer it for 

 sale and he will teil you he can get all the vinegar he wants at 6 or 7 

 cents a gallon, and his customers are satisfied and gets his profit, ad- 

 mitting it is a worthless stuff made of cheap acids, so there is no money 

 for the grower in cider. Even if we could utilize all our culls in all or 

 any of these ways, there would remain a large amount of what we call 

 " waste." The rotten, knotty, ill-shaped ones, those that have dropped 

 prematurely, and so on. What, will be done with all this waste 1 You 

 say, '■ feed it to hogs." Well, a reasonable amount of it is good for 

 the hog, but too much without other feed is harmful ; besides what 

 commercial orchardist keeps a sufficient number of hogs to consume 

 all the waste of his orchards? 



Now, Mr. Chairman, as there is no money in canning, evaporating, 

 making cider or vinegar, or even feeding to hogs, the question remains 

 unanswered. What shall we do with our culls ? 



There is a way to answer it, however, but it is a way I would 

 hardly dare suggest to the Kansas fruit-growers, besides the statutes 

 of the State prohibit him from availing himself of it. In that way 

 every bushel of fruit not suitable to pack and ship to market can be 

 made worth from aV to 50 cents, besides converting them into a greatly 

 condensed form, saving largely in packages and freight and shipping 

 when you please. 



Many are taking advantage of this — some, perhaps, as a matter of 

 choice — but most o^" them through necessity. The extreme low price 

 of fruits the last few years and the extreme high rates of transporta- 

 tion, have made it necessary for the fruit-growers to look for some 

 other way to turn the products of his labor into money. In this way 



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