INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 349 



for fruit growing. If it is a matter of protection, plant your fruit or- 

 chai-ds and protect tliem, and the Board of Forestrj' will lend you all the 

 encouragement it can. 



I thanli you for your interest in what I have said. If you have any 

 questions to asli, 1 shall be very glad to answer them; but before I close 

 I will say that last year a discussion came up here in regard to the 

 catalpa. I have lost no time in investigating the catalpa thoroughly, and 

 if the members of this association will send me their addresses I shall 

 have sent to them the latest publication from the United States Bureau 

 of Investigation of the catalpa. The publication has just been issued, 

 and I think it will remove, at once, all questions as to the qualities 

 of the catalpa. 



Question: Would you renovate an old piece of woodland? In the 

 woodland I refer to there are a few young trees of ash, hickory and ma- 

 ple. Can I plant some new timber in there? There are fourteen acres 

 in the tract, which is in Madison County. 



Mr. Freeman: Yes, you can plant that in either black locust or 

 catalpa or Kentucky coffee tree. Plant 2,000 to 3,000 to the acre. 



Question: In surrounding an orchard with forest trees, what kind of 

 trees would you use, and would you plant on all sides of the orchard or 

 on two sides only? 



Mr. Freeman: That will have to be answered generally. That de- 

 pends somewhat, of course, on circumstances. Our severe storms come 

 from almost a definite direction. The majority of the plantings are on 

 the north, south and west. I should say the west and southwest would 

 be the preferable places. What you plant depends on whether you want 

 a permanent grove or whether you wish to use the trees for posts. Lo- 

 cust, catalpa and coffee tree, and, mingled with them, oaks and elms and 

 maples, make a good grove. In time you can cut the locusts and catalpas 

 out, and leave the others for a permanent protection. You can use the 

 ones you cut out for posts. 



Question: Is the Kentucky coffee tree Avhat we have been accustomed 

 to calling the "coffee nut tree?" 



Mr. Freeman: The same. 



Question: Is that good for post timber? 



Mr. Freeman: It is No. 1 in contact with the soil. I think it is the 

 best timber you can find for posts. If you grow it and let it grow to suit- 

 able sizes for posts, which it will do in a short time, it is a No. 1 wood 

 for both posts and ties. 



