188 RED-THROATED PIPIT. 
The female is more spotted on the breast. The side tail 
feathers are more tinged with grey. 
In the young the bill is lighter, and the line over the 
eye 18 not so broad as in the adult bird. The spots on the 
breast are larger and more confluent; legs, toes, and claws, 
lighter than in the old bird. 
