evill GENERAL RESULTS OF THE MAKERSTOUN OBSERVATIONS. 
The maximum extent of clouded sky occurs earliest in summer, at 94 4.m,, and latest in autumn, about 1" p.m. ; 
in the other two quarters, however, the value from 9" 4.m, till 35 p.m. is nearly constant: the minimum occurs 
earliest in autumn, about 8" p.m., and latest in summer, near midnight. In the mean for the year the maxi- 
mum occurs near 115 a.m. and the minimum near 10" p.m, The morning mean value occurs earliest in autumn 
and latest in winter: the afternoon mean value occurs latest in autumn and earliest in summer. 
230. The ranges of the Diurnal Variations of the Ewtent of Clouded Sky are as follow :— 
Winter=1'51, Spring = 1:38, Summer=1:05, Autumn=1:°59. Year= 1-27. 
The diurnal range is therefore least in summer and greatest in autumn and winter. 
QUANTITY OF RAIN. 
TABLE 101.—Quantity of Rain fallen at Makerstoun, according to the Observatory Rain-Gauge, 
for each Month in the Years 1832-1849. 
Feb. | March. 
in. in. 
1-33 | 0-73 
2-03 | 2-85 
1:08 | 0-75 
2-93 | 1-29 
2-61 | 2-29 
1-47 | 1:99 
1-22 | 1-90 
0-98 | 1-98 
1:50 | 0-82 
1-17 
1-35 
231. The quantities in Table 101, from July 1842 till December 1849, were obtained from the Observa- 
tory gauge, which has its funnel-mouth 8 inches above the soil ; the quantities from January 1832 till June 
1842 are the amounts of rain found in the garden gauge (64 feet above the soil), multiplied by factors, constant 
for each month, which express the ratios of the amounts of rain found in the Observatory gauge to those found 
in the garden gauge during 6 years; these ratios are as follow :— 
Jan. Feb. March. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 
1-056 1-030 1:029 1:118 1:071 1-076 1:070 1-058 1:078 1:081 1-061 1-172 
The amounts of rain, therefore, in Table 101 were either obtained directly from the Observatory gauge, or they 
are such as would have been obtained in that gauge. 
232. The mean yearly amount of rain at Makerstoun by the Observatory gauge from 18 years’ obser- 
vations =26:350 inches. 
233. The least amount of rain for any of the 18 years was obtained in 1842, when it was 21-688 inches ; 
the amounts for 1835 and 1844 were little more. The greatest amount of rain occurred in 1846, being 37-854 
inches. The least monthly fall of rain occurred January 1835, being only 0-04 inch. The greatest monthly 
fall of rain occurred July 1846, being =7:124 inches. 
