899 REPORT—1850. 
testicle and ovary, the one loaded with spermatozoa, the other with ova in 
various stages of development. 
The ovary and testis in Paludicella are both found in the same cell. 
The former is an irregularly-shaped body, adherent to the inner surface 
of the endocyst towards the upper part of the cell. About the end of June, 
when I discovered this organ, it was loaded with ova of various sizes, 
some so small as to require for their detection a high power of the micro- 
scope, while others were almost visible to the naked eye, and seemed ready 
to burst the restraining membrane of the ovary and escape into the cavity of 
the endocyst. Attached by one extremity to the external surface of the 
stomach near the commencement of the intestine, and by the other, appa- 
rently in connection with the ovary, is a cylindrical, flexible chord, which 
obeys all the motions of the stomach. Of the nature of this appendage which 
thus brings the ovary into connection with the stomach, 1 have been unable 
to arrive at any satisfactory conclusion. It can scarcely be an oviduct com- 
municating with the cavity of the stomach, and thus affording, through the 
latter organ, a way of egress to the ova; for even though it be tubular,—a con- 
dition not by any means apparent,—it is evidently too narrow to receive the 
mature ova, even though it undergo as much dilation as would seem possible 
with such an organ. 
The testicle is an irregularly-lobed mass attached like the ovary to the 
inner surface of the endocyst. It occupies a position near the bottom of the 
cell, and is thus separated by a wide interval from the ovary; like the latter 
organ it is connected with the stomach by a cylindrical chord, precisely 
similar to that already described as belonging to the ovary : this chord, which 
is connected with the testicle by one extremity, is attached by the other to 
the fundus of the stomach, and its office is just as obscure as that of the cor- 
responding chord connected with the ovary. The testicle was observed at 
the same time as the ovary, and was then loaded with spermatozoa, multitudes 
of which projected from its surface in the form of a dense villosity, each minute 
filament of which exhibited a perpetually undulating motion. Many of the 
spermatozoa had escaped from the testicle and were carried about by the 
currents of the perigastric fluid, and thus brought in contact with the ovary, 
round which several were observed clustering. The spermatozoa in Paludicella 
are simple vibrioid bodies without any terminal enlargement, and exhibit a 
constant sinuous or undulatory motion. 
The ova, on arriving at a certain stage of development and while still in 
the ovary, present distinctly the germinal vesicle and. germinal spot; these, 
however, soon disappear. When the ovum escapes from the ovary it is a lenti- 
cular body surrounded by an annulus, in which a somewhat obscurely cellular 
structure is apparent. A coloured and very eccentric spot may be observed 
at this stage in the contents of the ovum. I have not been fortunate enough 
to observe the ova of Paludicella more than once, and have thus had no op- 
portunity of making further observations on these bodies. 
In those freshwater Polyzoa whose lophophore is bilateral, we find the 
ovary occupying a very different position from that which it holds in Palu- 
dicella. In these, attached by one extremity to the fundus of the stomach, 
and by the other to the inner surface of the endocyst near the bottom of the 
cell, may.be observed a chord-like organ quite similar to what has already 
been described as passing from the stomach to the testicle in Paludicella. 
This chord is surrounded by the ovary, in which the ova may be observed in 
various stages of progress, becoming gradually more developed as they ap- 
proach the gastric extremity of the ovary. The ova are for the most part 
few in number, and lie along the chord which connects them in a sort of 
