TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 167 
be taken in round numbers at 300,000, and deducting one-sixth part for the supply 
of factories and public works, leaves upwards of eight millions of gallons for private 
consumption, which amounts to about 27 gallons per day for every inhabitant. In 
1846 another company was established to furnish water by gravitation, which, how- 
ever, limited itself to the supply of the south side of the city, the population of which 
may be taken in round numbers at from 60,000 to 70,000. This company at present 
furnishes about 3,000,000 gallons per day, and after deducting the consumption by 
public works, affords at the rate of about 28 gallons daily to each inhabitant. ‘The total 
quantity of water sent into Glasgow per day by these companies amounts to upwards 
of 12,000,000 gallons! 
It were easy to multiply what may be called the bright salient points of the pro- 
gress of Glasgow, but it is time now to advert to one or two of the dark spots—those 
social shadows which are almost invariably found amid large accumulations of houses 
and people; and first of all, let us look to that constant companion of the progress of 
wealth in great cities—poverty. 
Poor.—In 1784 the assessment for the poor of Glasgow, which was then limited 
to the old burgh, was £1082. In 1816, a year of considerable mercantile distress and 
of dear corn, the sum expended on the poor within the same extent of territory was 
altogether £12,387 16s. 9d.; and in 1850 the poor of the same locality cost no less a 
sum than £47,787 7s. 10d., or four times as much in the course of little more than 
thirty years. The present cost of the poor throughout the whole municipal city, which 
includes two whole parishes and a portion of two others, is estimated at upwards of 
£80,000 a-year. 
Pauper Burials.—One of the most striking and alarming features connected with 
the management of the poor in Glasgow is the amount of pauper burials. Prior to 
the close of last century, such an occurrence as a person being buried at the public 
expense was almost unknown.’ During the last two years, however, the pauper burials 
were as follows :— 
HGS SV a) ον ΤῊΝ pase iaaneiabnesa: 10 2 
MSA στ es frets oy alae sere wiles τον fe ΘΟ ΤΑ 
That so large a number of pauper burials should have taken place in Glasgow be- 
speaks either, at the time, a great degree of poverty, or an increased unscrupulousness 
respecting alms among the labouring population ; while the fact that twenty-six per 
cent. of the whole burials within the Bills of Mortality should have been paid during 
1849 from parochial or charitable funds, exhibits a sad picture of the condition of 
the working-classes, and if continued would loudly demand a most searching inquiry 
into the causes of such a fearful increase of pauperism, and of the remedies which 
should be adopted to meet and resist it*. 
Police Crime.—Let us next look at another dark point of a city’s progress, the 
amount of crime. The following return, which I-have just received from Mr. Smart, 
the chief Superintendent of Police, at once exhibits the nature and extent of this :— 
Number of Persous brought before the Magistrates of Glasgow, in the Police Courts 
é of Glasgow, during the year 1849. 
Men. Women. 
1, Offences against the person. . . .-. . . . 241 37 
2. Offences against property, committed with violence 209 52 
3. Offences against property, without violence... . 2,590 1,642 
4. Malicious offences against property ..... . . 128 72 
5. Forgery and offences against the currency ...... | 26 22 
3,194 1,825 
6. Drunk and disorderly. . . . . , . , .. . 6,823 1,547 
7. Drunk and incapable... . . ...... ... . 1,688. 200 
$11,705 3,572 
. * It is but fair to state, that during these two years fever and cholera both frightfully 
prevailed, and cut off a vast number of the labouring classes who had no relatives in the 
city, and also hundreds of poor Irish who fled to Glasgow before the famine fever in 
Treland, 
+ These figures do not give a correct view of individual crime, seeing that the same per- 
