64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
A half mile farther south he found another cicada, and shortly 
thereafter got into the scrub oak region where the insects were very 
common. He did not consider them abundant, though collecting 
was easy and males could be heard in one direction or another 
nearly all the time. This colony extends to the improved part of the 
village of Brentwood. The colony at Cold Spring Harbor occurs 
on the Alton and Miami stony loam. It appears to have very 
definite boundaries, which do not coincide with anything in 
plants, soil or physiography so far as could be determined. Respect- 
ing the occurrence of this brood on Staten Island, Mr William 
T. Davis states that in April he received a pupa found under a 
stone by a friend. Later in the season, namely on June 10, he heard 
a periodical cicada call in a tree at Richmond valley; it did not 
cing long and consequently he was unable to capture it. Seventeen 
years ago a pupa skin of this brood was recorded from Staten Island. 
This brood, as far as we can ascertain, does not occur on Long 
Island east of Eastport. There were no signs of its presence at 
Westhampton, and Mr F. A. Sirrine of Riverhead and J. W. Hand 
of Easthampton both reported no evidences of this insect in either 
locality. Furthermore, the cicada could hardly have been abundant 
on the eastern end of the island or some notice of its presence would 
have appeared in local papers. 
It may be interesting, in this connection, to give some recent 
notes on brood 12, the largest occurring in New York State. It 
was exceedingly abundant at Annandale in 1896, and in examining 
an orchard October 9, 1906, several apple limbs were observed 
which showed plainly the scars made by this insect a decade ago. 
Many of them were nearly healed over, just an irregular crevice 
being the only external indication of the injury, while in a 
few instances the wound had been so severe that healing was not 
prompt, and as a result there is at the present time a considerable 
area of decayed wood with the oviposition scars in the center. The 
tissues growing around these wounded dead areas have enlarged the 
diameter of the branch considerably in one direction, and in not a 
few cases the limbs break off at these points of greatest injury. 
Mr H. D. Lewis, proprietor of the orchard states that the cicadas 
are so abundant in that section as to kill five year old trees and as 
a consequence he does not dare to set out young trees for some 
years previous to the time when a brood is due. He found during 
the previous appearance that rolling and harrowing the ground 
when the insects were emerging, resulted in destroying thousands. 
