REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1908 49 
the stirring of the soil when the majority of the insects are in the 
pupal stage. Furthermore, many growers have sprayed with an 
arsenical poison, and this treatment has undoubtedly been of great 
service in preventing the pest from becoming unusually abundant. 
Severe local injuries may be expected in the future, and all growers 
are advised to keep a close watch of their vineyards, remembering 
that the insect may be very destructive in one portion of the field 
and hardly be present in another. 
Shade tree insects 
Elm leaf miner (Kaliosysphinga ulmi Sund.). The 
injurious work of this European 
species was first observed by us in 
this country in 1895, and a brief 
notice was given thereof in the re- 
port of this office for the year 1808. 
This miner was at that time very 
injurious to Camperdown elms in 
Washington park, though its oper- 
ations were also very apparent upon 
Scotch elms and were less extensive 
upon English elms in both Albany 
and Troy. The severe injuries of 
earlier years have been somewhat 
lessened though it has been reported 
from other sections of the State. A 
few years ago it was quite destructive 
to elms at Ithaca, N. Y. and last year 
it was reported as being very in- 
jurious to weeping elms at Syracuse. 
Complaints of its ravages were also 
received from Kenwood near Albany. 
There is no very satisfactory 
method of controlling this pest, since 
Fic. 14 Elm leaf miner (author's the larvae work exclusively between 
se aap the upper and lower epidermis, de- 
vouring the tender parenchyma and making a rather characteristic, 
irregular blotched mine. The insect hibernates within a cocoon just 
below the surface. It has been suggested that the upper layer of 
soil might be removed and buried at some depth. Ordinarily the 

