REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1908 51 
State, its webs on willow in particular forming conspicuous features 
in the landscape. In several instances small wild cherry trees were 
entirely defoliated by this pest. The promiscuous breeding of this 
insect on roadside and other trees, simply increases the danger of 
attack to more valuable trees, particularly when the latter are not 
sprayed systematically. Well cared for and systematically sprayed 
orchards suffer very little from injuries by this species. 
White marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leuco- 
stigma Sm. & Abb.). The white marked tussock moth continues 
to be a serious pest on horse-chestnuts and lindens in particular. It 
was extremely abundant and destructive in both Brooklyn and New 
York. It was numerous, though probably not quite so injurious 
in some other localities in the State. The impending destruction in 
Buffalo, we are pleased to state, was greatly mitigated by the 
activity and efficiency of the newly appointed city forester, Mr 
H. B. Filer. Buffalo has long held an unenviable reputation be- 
cause of the poor condition of its shade trees, particularly horse- 
chestnuts, and we trust that the above mentioned appointment 
means a well supported and an advanced policy respecting shade 
tree protection. 
The caterpillars of this notorious shade tree pest also occasioned 
considerable anxiety in the fruit section of the western part of the 
State. The partly grown caterpillars were found in considerable 
abundance in orchards, eating into the young fruit, the amount of 
damage being estimated at from to to 80%. This method 
of injury is by no means unknown, since similar work was ob- 
served in Nova Scotia in the summer of 1907. Though it is diff- 
cult to adequately control caterpillars which have developed the 
fruit-eating habit, it is very easy to keep this pest under control 
in commercial orchards. Systematic spraying with an arsenical 
poison will in the long run, at least, prove most efficacious in de- 
stroying the pest, though it may take a few years to bring about 
these results in badly infested orchards fruiting every season. It 
is comparatively easy to practically clear trees of this insect by 
collecting the conspicuous white egg masses any time during the 
winter. This work can be done thoroughly and at comparatively 
slight expense, then there is no occasion for worry as to the out- 
come another season, and an orchard once cleared is easily kept 
comparatively free from subsequent injury. 
Snow-white linden moth (Ennomos subsignarits 
Hubn.). This species, at one time recognized as a most destructive 
, 
