18 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
varied from 97.53 to 99.53 with an average of 98.69. As in the 
preceding plot, the side wormy apples largely predominate, there 
being a total of 118, while the end wormy amounted to but 26, half 
of these being both end and side wormy. 
The contrast between this data and that obtained from the check 
tree is striking. The latter produced only 38.95 per cent of sound 
fruit, 450 of the 536 wormy apples being end wormy, while the 
relatively small number of 324 were side wormy, 238 of the latter 
being both end and side wormy. It will be seen that the check trees 
practically reverse the relations obtaining between end and side 
wormy and that the major proportion of'the protection from codling 
moth injury is due to the destruction of the caterpillars before they 
enter the blossom end. 
Tests in commercial orchards. It was deemed advisable, in 
connection with the experiments described above, to check up re- 
sults by comparison with those obtained in commercial orchards. 
The spraying in the two selected was made with no foreknowledge 
that any such data would be used, and the results could therefore 
be hardly better than most practical orchardists might hope to 
obtain. 
The first of these practical tests was in a young orchard belonging 
to Mr W. H. Hart of Arlington, near Poughkeepsie and close to 
Briggs station on the Hopewell branch of the Central New England 
Railroad. The orchard is on a moderately high hill, the trees are 
thrifty, about 18 years old, 30 feet apart and from 17 to 19 feet 
high. The trees selected were all nothern spies and an effort was 
made to secure only those which were fairly representative of the 
orchard, which latter, it may be stated, is in excellent condition and 
represents an advanced type of orchard management. The trees 
were sprayed, we are informed, May 24th or 25th when the blos- 
soms had fallen just enough so that there was no danger of poison- 
ing bees. Mr Hart used 7 pounds of Grasselli’s arsenate of lead and 
4 gallons of a homemade concentrated lime-sulphur wash to 150 
gallons of water. This latter sufficed for the treatment of 50 to 70 
trees. Those selected for the test were somewhat larger than the 
average and probably received about 234 gallons each. The fruit 
was picked October 18th and everything upon the trees and under 
them carefully classified. 
