REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST IQI2 ZU 
inference is that most of the reduction in infestation was due to 
the thorough spraying of the upturned blossom ends and the con- 
sequent destruction of nearly all worms attempting to enter the fruit 
at this point. 
A DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 
The work in the Hudson valley has now extended over four sea- 
sons in orchards belonging to four different parties in as many 
distinct localities, and in each instance the spraying equipment and 
force on the place was used, the experimenter simply selecting rep- 
resentative trees and insisting upon thorough, though not exces- 
sively thorough work. Baldwins, greenings, northern spy and Ben 
Davis were well represented in the experimental trees selected. The 
diversity of season, location, equipment and men, and the different 
varieties prevent these experiments being classed as local or excep- 
tional. They show what the practical fruit grower can and should 
obtain as a result of systematic spraying in regions where codling 
moth conditions are practically identical with those obtaining in the 
Hudson valley. 
A study of the habits of the codinde moth shows three well-de- 
fined periods when applications of poison may be more or less 
effectual. 
The first comprises a week or ten days after the dropping of the 
white petals or bloom and during which the green calyx lobes 
remain open and the young apples upright in such a condition that 
the calyx cavity can be more or less filled with poison. 
The second period is about three weeks after blossoming and is 
the time when the young codling moth larvae or apple worms hatch, 
begin feeding and enter the fruit. 
The third period is the latter part of July or early August and 1s 
of special importance because the larvae of the second brood, or 
young apple worms, are then hatching and feeding on the leaves or 
entering the fruit. 
Yields of unsprayed or check trees. The product of the un- 
sprayed or check trees may be the basis for comparison in all ex- 
perimental work, and special pains were therefore taken through- 
out the series to secure for this purpose trees which were repre- 
sentative of average conditions and so located that there would be 
very little or no interference with the experimental plots. Owing 
to various limitations it was impractical to have our check plots of 
the same size as those sprayed, though otherwise conditions were 
practically identical. 
