164 JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY 



the gall. The moving of the abdomen indicated gasping. The 

 ptilinum became much smaller than when first seen, and the "sweat 

 drops" were always present on the surface. In one of the adults 

 a comparatively large "sweat drop" remained on the front of the 

 face. After the disappearance of the ptilinum the head of the 

 animal continued to contract at short intervals. The space between 

 the eyes and ocelli was depressed and elevated. It took about 

 25-30 minutes for the fly to get its wings expanded. 



Mating was observed on June 3. Several females and one male 

 were put on a potted goldenrod, which was covered with a lamp 

 chimney and closed with gauze. This was set on the window 

 facing the morning sunshine. The flies, which were usually slug- 

 gish, began to be active, flying and jumping under the glass cover. 

 Finally the male and a female came to meet each other on a leaf of 

 the plant, the female thrust out her ovipositor at first when the 

 male was approaching her. The male seized the female by em- 

 bracing her abdomen with his middle pair of legs; the front legs 

 were placed on the dorsal surface of the abdomen, while his hind 

 legs were standing on the leaf surface. The ovipositor of the 

 female was thrust into the opening at the terminal end of the abdo- 

 men of the male. Its whole length was gradually forced in. After 

 about 20 minutes, the male began shaking and jerking and the 

 female began moving also, then both of them became still again. 

 Copulation lasted about 37 minutes. At the end, the female moved 

 her hind legs and stretched them backward, trying to free herself. 

 After a little struggle the female succeeded in freeing herself from 

 the feet of the male. Now the connection of the fine thread-like 

 penis (Fig. 11, Plate I) to the telescope-like genitalia of the female 

 (Fig. 10, Plate I) was seen very clearly, the penis inserted into an 

 opening in the penultimate segment of the female's oxapositor. 

 The ovipositor of the female was not yet withdrawn; after a little 

 while it began to be withdrawn, but the filamentous penis of the 

 male was still attached to it. Finally the male freed its penis, 

 which immediately coiled up at the terminal end of the abdomen, 

 and then by expanding and relaxing its abdomen and rubbing its 



