JOUKNAL. OF ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY 195 



It has been taken on the following: the common manzanita (Arcto- 

 staphylos manzanita) , the great-berried manzanita (A. glauca), A. 

 tomentosa and A. piimUla. The writer has never taken it upon the 

 latter but Mr. Davidson has recorded it. Very characteristic galls 

 are formed at the edges of the leaves. The greater portions or 

 the entire leaves may thus be disfigured. The galls vary in color 

 from that of the normal leaves to very bright red. Old galls eventu- 

 ally die and become black with age. The shape is shown in Fig. 4. 



Distribution 



The distribution of this species is wide and apparently coincides 

 with that of the various species of the food plants. It occurs in 

 the Rocky, Sierra Nevada and Coast Range Mountains. The writer 

 has taken it in many parts of the state, but it appears to be most 

 abundant in the Sierra foothills and the Coast Range Mountains in 

 the middle and northern parts of the state, though it is abundant 

 in the southern parts as well. 



Date of Collection 



The insect is probably most abundant in August in California. 

 At that time all forms are present in the galls and all of the writer's 

 specimens were taken then. However, the insect persists in some 

 active form practically throughout the entire year. Serial No. 60. 



Natural Enemy 



Chief among the insects which prey upon this aphid is an antho- 

 corid bug. The bright red nymphs may often be found in practically 

 every gall. 



THE CLOUDY-WINGED OAK APHIS 



Callipterus bellus (Walsh) 

 (Figs. 8 and 9) 

 Aphis hella (Walsh)— Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. I, p. 299, 1862. 

 Callipterus hella (Walsh) — Monell, Bui. U. S. Geol. Surv., p. 

 29, 1879. 



