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they originate from the red clay in situ or whether they have been 
transported by the brooklet from a higher level. 
c. The fossils in the red clay and in the manganese nodules. 
- These fossils have been examined by Dr. L. F. pr Braurort, who 
has summarized his results, thus far obtained, as follows: 
“The fossils derived from the deep-sea deposits of Noil Tobee 
consist for the greater part of tooth-fragments of Hlasmobranchu. 
With a few exceptions only the crown of the teeth has been pre- 
served and of these also the dentine has been dissolved, so that only 
an enamel sheath remains. 
This state of preservation, quite in keeping with what could be 
anticipated in a deep-sea deposit, renders the determination of the 
objects very difficult. In many cases it is even impossible to class 
the fragments as a definite species or even as a definite genus. 
By far the greater number of the teeth belong to sharks of the 
Lamnidae. Thus far no older specimens of this family are known 
than those belonging to the chalk, unless the genus Orthacodus of 
the Upper-Jura be classified among the Lammnidae. 
This genus, however, is not represented in the collection under | 
consideration. We recognize in it tooth-fragments of Carcharodon 
(known from Chalk and Tertiary deposits), Zamna (Cretaceous to 
Recent), and Scapanorhynchus (know only from the Upper Chalk). 
Furthermore I include a single fragment among the genus Memu- 
pristis (Upper Chalk, Tertiary, and a single recent species) of the 
family of Carcharidea. 
Considered merely palaeontologically, the fossils mentioned above 
might be believed to belong to the Upper Chalk. This view is sub- 
stantiated in large measure by the presence in the collection of some 
well-preserved teeth of the easily recognizable genus Ptychodus, 
teeth of this genus, which is looked upon as a precursor of the 
Myliobatidae, being found up to the present only in the Upper 
Chalk of Europe and North-Aterica. 
In the Timor-collection we find teeth of 3, perhaps of 4 species 
of this genus. They may be assimilated to, or anyhow they are 
closely related to the following species: P. decurrens Ag., P. dixoni 
Dudley and P.rugosus Dixon. These three species, which according 
to Smita Woopwarp (Quart. Journal Geol. Soe. London, Vol. 67., 
1911, p. 276) form an ascending progression, occur according to DiDLEY 
(le. p. 263 seqq) in different layers of the Upper Chalk of England. 
Over and above the teeth discussed, the collection also contains 
some undetermined fish-teeth and a fragment of a tooth ofa reptile, 
