1035 
shorter or longer pair of tailor’s scissors; it consists of a median 
crista geniohyoidea, 9 mm. long, and two round tuber- 
cula genioglossa lying 6 mm. apart above it. The foramen 
mentale is placed under the interval between p, and m,, and 
directed backward. 
An incisura submentalis, so considerable in the mandible 
of Mauer (Homo heidelbergensis) (10 mm. deep), is scarcely percep- 
tible (1 mm. deep) in that of Wadjak Il. The incisura prae- 
angularis s. praemasseterica (Bonner) is, on the other 
hand, uncommonly deep. There also exists a very considerable tuber 
massetericum (Bonnet). These two prove that the musculus 
masseter was exceedingly powerful. 
In strength the lower jaw of Wadjak II is not inferior to that 
of Homo heidelbergensis. This may already be inferred from the 
vertical sections in the symphysis-line in comparison also with the 
most frequently occurring Australian type and with the common 
European lower jaw. (Fig. 8 of Plate II). For in the symphysis the 
lower jaw has to resist the greatest violence. 
The strength of this bone in Wadjak Il may further appear from 
the following measures. The height of the corpus mandibulae at 
the symphysis, 40 mm. in Wadjak II, is about 33.5 mm. in Homo 
heidelbergensis, 36 mm. at the mandibula of Spy, 30 mm. at that 
of La Naulette. The median thickness at the symphysis, 16 mm. in 
Wadjak II (above the spina mentalis) is on the other hand 
17.5 mm. in Homo heidelbergensis, but only 15 mm. at the mandibula 
of Spy, and also at that of La Naulette. The height, measured 
between p, and mm, is 37 mm. in Wadjak II, and the thickness 
there 17 mm.; in Homo heidelbergensis these measures are resp. 
33 and 19.4 mm. 
The greatest thickness of the body of the lower jaw, under m,, 
is 21 mm. in Wadjak II, which is equal to the “enorme Breite” 
found by OeTTEKING, and also by GORVANOVIC-KRAMBERGER, each once, 
in lower jaws of Eskimos, in which race this bone is peculiarly 
strong as a rule’). The lower jaw of Mauer is 23.5 mm. thick at 
the same place, that of La Naulette only 15, and of Spy 16 mm., 
Australians not seldom attaining 19 mm. he height at m, is about 35 
1) B. OerrekiNg, Ein Beitrag zur Kraniologie der Eskimo. Abhandlungen und 
Berichte des Königl. Zoologischen und Anthropologisch-Ethnographischen Museums 
zu Dresden. Band XII (1908). NO. 8, p. 38. 
K. Gorsanovic—Krampercer, Der Unterkiefer der Eskimos (Grönländer) als 
Trager primitiver Merkmale. Sitzungsberichte der Königl. Preuss. Akademie der 
Wissenschaften. Jahrgang 1909, p. 12821294. Taf. XV und XVI, p. 1283. 
