1282 
high, probably higher than in the Japanese. From the many available 
determinations of the cranial capacity, which, however, mostly refer in- 
differently to male and female skulls, the same statement may be deduced. 
The brain-weights of the Chinese which are out of proportion 
high to the length of the body, have been very striking in each 
of the few determinations that could be made, and it was 
ascertained many times that the mean cranial capacity is great. ’) 
KOHLBRUGGE *) showed that also the Javanese, whose large cranial 
capacity was already known, belong to the peoples with relatively 
high brain weight. In this respect, too, they may be placed side by 
side with the other mongoloids mentioned. 
In the Australians, Negroes, Hindus on the other hand, a slender 
figure, with long and thin legs and arms, is accompanied with a 
brain weight which is low in proportion to the body length, and 
small cranial capacity. 
Comparison of the Neandertal Man with these present human races 
renders it exceedingly probable, that also in him the great brain- 
quantity was in relation with the thickset, strongly built body and 
the short limbs, henee with great muscular force. We are particu- 
larly justified in this assumption, because such a relation is frequently 
met with in Mammals. . 
Thus the Bears are distinguished from the other land-Carnivora 
by their heavy, massive shape, and thick limbs, which are short in 
proportion to the body, and with which they can exert a tremen- 
dous force. The long bones of the limbs in the Bears are thicker 
with respect to their length, in part somewhat prismatically shaped, 
and the surfaces of attachment of the muscles still more developed 
in cristae and apophyses, — in asimilar way as in the Neandertal Man. 
(1398—1503), two female brains of an average weight of 1242 grams (1227— 
1256). Also body lengths. 
1) CROCHLEY—CLAPHAM: eleven male brains of an average weight of 1430 
grams (1310—1587), cited in P. ToPiNARrD's, Eléments d’Anthropologie générale, 
p. 571. (1885). — Kurz in Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie, Bd. 16. 
(1913), p. 284: of a man of a body weight of 160 em., 1454 grams; of a woman, 
155 em. long, 1200 grams. 
2) J. H. F. KoHLBruGGE, Die Gehirnfurchen der Javanen. Verhandelingen der 
Kon. Akademie van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam. 2de Sectie, Deel 12, NO. 4 
(1906), p. 13. The mean weight of 16 adult male brains (of the 19 determinations 
1 exclude one of exceptionally high, and one of exceptionally low weight, and one 
of a child of seven years old) was 1301 grams (the extremes were 1101 and 
1458). This is a high brain weight with 50.27 kg. (living) body weight, which 
is probably not reached by European men of equal living body weight. (Compare: 
Eua. Durors, Ueber die Abhängigkeit des Hirngewichtes von der Körpergrösse 
beim Menschen. Archiv für Anthropologie. Band 25, p. 432. Braunschweig 1898). 
