68 THE LINGULIDZ OF THE QUEENSLAND COAST. 
absent from the places where Lingula was plentiful though 
they were very abundant on other portions of the sand-mud 
beach. As Lingula was found to be very common in a gutter 
which contained water, while the banks were exposed, 
observations on its habits were made. In such a situation 
the brachiopods could be located owing to the reflection 
of light from the waving sete projecting just above the 
surface of the mud. The sete and the rounded portion of 
extremity of the valves could be protruded above the 
surface of the mud, so that about inch of shell projected 
under favourable conditions. The habits were similar to 
those described for L. anatina. 
A few specimens were obtained in rather soft mud, 
but nearly all were collected in muddy sand. A greenish 
form was more common where the beach was rather muddy, 
while a brownish variety was commoner where the ground 
was more sandy, but both kinds were in abundance in a 
little gutter. 
The shell corresponds rather closely with the account 
of that of ZL. anatina given by Davidson (1888, p. 207), 
Gratiolet (1860, p. 52, figs. 1 and 2) and Reeve (1895, pl. 2, 
fig. 10). Some dried specimens which had been previously 
preserved in spirit, coincide with certain of Sowerby’s 
figures of L. anatina (figs.9 and 10). Occasionally the valves 
are slightly wider near the beak than more distally. They 
are approximately equally convex and possess a ridge on 
their inner surfaces. The ventral valve extends slightly 
beyond the dorsal at the distal free pallial edge. The shell 
is quite smooth, though the lines of growth are readily 
noticed. Umbones are distinct. 
The angles of the valves project so that the free 
extremity is rather squared, although there is often a slight 
median prominence. The shape of this portion is more 
like that figured by Sowerby’s (figs. 9 and 10) for the dark 
and brown varieties of ZL. anatina than his fig. 2 and 3, 
although occasionally that shape is to be seen too. The 
free end is rounded in very young specimens. The general 
colour is like that of L. anatina (Davidson, Reeve). In 
some the prevailing tint is distinctly brown, in others brown 
with some green, in others bright green with some brown. 
