: BY JAMES TOLSON, ESQ. IOI 
The emission being reckoned from one side only, for the 
convenience of calculation, the flow from both sides can be 
ascertained by taking oxe-half the thickness, and doubling 
the units corresponding to that thickness. For instance, 
to ascertain the flow of heat through a piece of meat four 
inches thick with the emission proceeding from both sides ; 
this is equivalent to the emission from a piece two inches 
thick with the flow proceeding from exe side only but of 
double the area. 
It should be noted that when once the temperature of the 
internal surface is lowered to 32°, it remains at that point 
until the last portion is frozen (owing to the abstraction of 
the latent heat of liquefaction), consequently the tempera- 
ture of the internal surface can be taken throughout at 32°. 
The tables 1o and 11 (pp. 58, 59) show the process of 
freezing—first, when meat is hung in a room, the tempera- 
tures of which correspond with the actual daily results as 
obtained at Queensport; and, second, when the meat is 
hung in the open air at a temperature approximating to 
that of the freezing chamber when empty, say, at about zero. 
Observations of the temperature obtained at Queensport 
show that the empty rooms could not be reduced much 
below zero without considerable improvement being made 
to the insulation. 
On examining the difference in actual cost of working 
when meat is placed in a freezing room immediately after 
killing, say, at a temperature of 98°, as compared with its 
chilling when put in at 70°, it will be found that rlb. of 
coal used in the cold air process will make about 2lbs. 
of ice, or, what is the same thing, will remove 350 units of 
heat. Taking 42 quarters, weighing 7,500 lIbs., as the 
average daily charge during the last shipment at Queens- 
port, if this quantity is put into the rooms at a temperature 
of 98° instead of 70°, the difference in units of heat to be 
removed would be 7,500 x 28 X .53=111,300 units. As 
ilb. of coal removes 350 units, 111,300 + 350 =318 lbs. of 
coal would take away the excess of heat between 70° and 
98°. Allowing for loss by friction, etc., due to increased 
compression, and calling it 4 cwt., it will be seen that the 
