PISCES 167 
euts the upper profile; preopercle nearly vertical, mouth 
slightly oblique, the jaws equal, the maxilla reaches to the angle 
of the preopercle: gills four, a slit behind the fourth, gill-rakers 
long and slender, twenty-three on the first arch, sixteen of which 
are on the lower limb; pseudobranchiz present. 
Teeth.—In villiform bands in jaws, on palatines, pterygoids 
and vomer, also a double row on the tongue. 
Fins—The dorsal commences midway between the anterior 
margin of the eye and the adipose fin, the first two rays are short 
but the third and fourth, which are subequal are as high as the 
body; the length of the base is equal to the distance between 
the end of the snout and the hinder edge of the eye; the anal 
lies wholly behind the dorsal, and its margin is incised, the rays 
falling from the first to the tenth, whence they are subequal, 
the length of the first ray is equal to the base of the dorsal, 
and the last is inserted beyond the adipose fin; the pectoral is 
long, but little shorter than the dorsal, and it extends to the 
middle of that fin; the ventral equals the base of the dorsal, and 
its first ray lies somewhat in advance of that of the dorsal; 
caudal deeply cleft, its peduncle strongly compressed and twice 
as deep as its length behind the adipose fin. 
Scales—Cycloid, those of the lateral line shghtly enlarged 
vertically. The upper mediolateral and the posterolateral 
photophores lie each in an auxillary scale in the lower part of 
the seventeenth and twenty-sixth or twenty-seventh scales of the 
lateral line, respectively. 
The photophores are placed as follows :— 
Anteorbital—tThe nostrils are situated in a small luminous 
area. 
Opercular—Two, close together, the lower one just behind 
the extremity of the premaxilla. 
Pectoral_—Three, two of which lie close behind the opercular 
border, and are widely separated, the third is at the base of the 
lower pectoral rays. 
Anterolateral.—Two, the first above the anterior ventral ray, 
the second slightly nearer to it than the lower mediolateral, 
all three in the same horizontal line. 
Mediolateral.—Two, forming a straight line with the fourth 
ventral photophore. 
Posterolateral—One, on the lateral line, and over the last 
pore of the anterior series of the anal, behind middle of anal, 
but in advance of the soft dorsal. 
