1255 
a shorter time required for learning. For M however, the learning- 
time is lengthened, which is to be ascribed to the strong tendency 
to recite the familiar syllables. With I this tendency is more persistent 
than with II. 
- CONCLUSIONS. 
1. The number of repetitions required for learning the material by 
heart in the learning- as well as in the repetition-experiments is larger 
with the experimental method than with the natural. The increase 
in the number of repetitions in the learning-experiments does not, 
however, run parallel to that of the repetition experiments, so that for 
two of our observers the gain effected after 24 hours is greatest with: 
the natural method; for the third, however, with the experimental. 
2. With the experimental method the learning of the material 
does not only require less time, also more time is saved after 24 
hours. Some exceptions are accounted for by the differing increases 
of the number of repetitions required for the learning in the learning- 
and the repetition-experiments. 
3. The recitation time, whether the natural or the experimental 
method be employed, is longer in the learning than in the repetition- 
experiments. The experimental method seems to be more adapted to 
a quick recitation than the natural. The latter, on the other hand 
is more economising. 
4. As a rule the mean duration of a repetition is longer in the 
learning- than in the repetition-experiments. The natural rate of 
succession of our observers appeared to be considerably slower than 
the experimental. 
5.- With the natural method the rate of succession with two of 
our three observers, in the learning- as well as in the repetition- 
experiments is slowing gradually when they get more familiar with 
the material. With the experimental method this slowing process is 
entirely out of the question. True, here also the rate of succession 
is generally quicker in the repetition- than in the learning-experiments. 
6. The effect of practice is shown in a decrease of the number 
of repetitions required for learning the material by heart. For one 
observer it is greatest with the experimental method, for the other 
with the natural. 
7. The effect of practice upon the learning-time with the natural 
as well as with the experimental method, generally manifests itself 
in a shorter learning-time. A lengthening in the case of one of our 
observers must be ascribed to a strong tendency to recite the familiar 
syllables, which persists more readily with the natural than with 
the experimental method, | 
