801 



Still, a ver}' suitable material is finallj obtained. The fossils 

 from the Kembang Sokkóh, originating from day, have been 

 excellently preserved like most objects from the Miocene strata of 

 Java; often their lustre is still present and even lemnants of colours 

 are occasion nally seen. 



The fauna examined shows that the formation in which it is 

 found, must have been deposited in shallow water, for all genei'a 

 and also the species, as far as they still exist, are found at the 

 present day along the coasts at a small depth. This agrees with 

 the circumstance that many corals occur locally and lithothamnia 

 are generally spread. Moreover the limestone, which is the main 

 constituent of the just-mentioned formation, represents a thick closed 

 cover, such as is only possible with genuine shore-formations. 



There are facies ditFerences, however; for the clay on the 

 Kembang Sokkoh has been deposited in the neighbourhood 

 of a river mouth, as may be inferred from the very frequent 

 occurrence of Potamides. Insignificant layers of lignite between 

 the clay must probablj^ be attributed to land plants that were buried 

 near the mouth in the river mud. Tl)is reminds of what 1 have 

 on a former occasion communicated on the eocene sediments of 

 the Kali P o e r o e, where in the vicinity of the lignite many 

 Melanidae were found ^). On the G. S p o 1 ó n g, however, shells 

 of Potamides are not numerous, lignite is absent and the disti'ibution 

 of the genera of moUusca and foraminifera in these two finds is 

 very different. Notwithstanding this almost half the fossils of the 

 G. S p 1 Ó n g are also found on the Kembang Sokkóh. 



The mollusca clearly present an Indopacific character, for not 

 only the species surviving to the present day that are found in the 

 deposits of the West-Progo Mountains, belong to the area of the 

 Indian fauna, but also there exists in the latter a whole series of 

 relatives of the examined fossils. Moreover the habitat of all related 

 recent species taken together lies almost entirely within the present 

 Indopacific region, especially in the area of the islands between 

 Asia and Australia. It extends on one side from the Chinese coast 

 to the Admiralty Islands and Australia, on the other side as far 

 as Madagascar and The Cape. 



From the Neogene fauna of Europe the mollusca of the West- 

 Progo Mountains are entirely different. The foraminifera on the 

 other hand present a different picture: of the eight species of this 

 animal group that were determined with certainty in the deposits 



^) Die Fauna des Obereocans von Nanggulan auf Java (Sammlgn. Neue Folge, 

 H, p. 213). 



