1316 



of air fVoiii the bea (N-breeze) is stronger than the (lowing off bj 

 niglit (S-breeze). The excess is convecled to higher lajers. 



F'or this reason there remains in the daily mean a northooniponent. 

 which has a local origin and does not belong to the tiadewind. 



Here I shall disregard lliis dcviaiion. 



From Jnne till Septeinbei- the upper limit of the trade lies between 



3 and 4 km., it then rises and reaches a height of 13 km. in the 

 month of Pebrnary ; afterwards it descemls to 10 km. in Alaj and 

 falls down quickly to 3 — 4 km. in June. 



Westuionsoon. It may be said that the West monsoon is so to say 

 inserted under the trade from Nov. till April, lifting it up. The upper 

 limit of the monsoon rises to 6 — 7 km. in February, the velocity 

 attaining in this month a maximum at a height of about 1 km. 



In its lower layers the monsoon exhibits northerly components, 

 but at little height (± 1 km.) they change into southern ones. These 

 northern 'components belong partly to the monsoon itself and are not 

 caused exclusively by the pieponderance of the Seabreeze, as is proved 

 by the winds observed above the neighbouring seas. 



Antitrade- 1 rind. The occurrence of easterly wind with a northern 

 component has to be interpreted as that of a current of antitrade- 

 character, i.e. as the beginning of a flowing off of the equatoi-ial 

 belt, which, proceeding to higher latitudes will be deflected more 

 and more by the rotation of the earth, changing from a north-easterly 

 to a northerly and eventually a northwesterly wind. 



Table II shows the antitrade blowing Ihronghont the whole year 

 descending in the southern winter to the 4 km. level, and not being 

 found under a height of 13 km. in the sonthern summer (February). 

 A maximum velocity is reached in the month of August on the 



4 km. level and a secondary one at a height of 15 km. in the month 

 of February. 



During the transition of the monsoon to the trade (March-April) 

 the antitrade is weak; on the contrary, when the trade gives way 

 to the Westmonsoon in the month of Octobei-, it remains rather 

 strong. Though the table exhibits the fact that in November slight 

 westerly winds blow in the layers between 8 and 11 km., they are 

 no doubt to be interpreted as symptoms of this transition. 



Uppertrade-vnnd. Above the layers of the antitrade air again flows 

 towards the equator. This aircurrent being analogous to the trade, 

 I called it upperlrade. Its lower limit is highest in the month of 



