phosphorus had fallen below 44°, in consequence of which immediately 
solid phosphorus formed in the capillary, which started the crystal- 
lisation of the large mass, during which the temperature rose in 
consequence of the heat of solidification. 
The curve representing the result of this experiment has been 
drawn in fig. 3. In this fig. a denotes the point where the grafting 
took place. Then the temperature fell to 4, after which it rose toc, 
then it descended at first very slowly, then all of a sudden very 
rapidly. The result is that also in this way of working the phosphorus 
solidifies in an almost unary way, for the interval of solidification 
amounts only to 0,05°, but in consequence of the comparatively large 
difference of temperature with the surroundings the unary melting ~ 
temperature was no more to be reached. 
In a third experiment which yielded a very important result, the 
meltingpoint-vessel was first placed in boiling water for some time, 
and then suddenly transferred to a bath of 15° to make the cooling 
take place so rapidly that the internal equilibrium could certainly 
g took place at about 43°.5 
after taking out of the bath, the temperature rose above 44°, from 
which, therefore, followed that when the cooling takes place very 
not keep pace with it. When then graftin 
rapidly the liquid phosphorus is already supercooled above 44°. 
Therefure another time the grafting took place above 44°, when the 
temperature rose to 45°.5, and we sueceeded in getting a rise of 
temperature to 46° with still earlier grafting, which, however, is by 
no means the highest temperature to which the phosphorus ean rise 
in this way. . 
The curve of cooling, obtained in one of these experiments, is 
represented in tig. 4, and it is noteworthy how much this curve, 
which is the result of a perfectly analogous experiment to that to 
which fig. 3 relates, apart from the previous history of the phosphorus, 
differs from the curve in this last figure. The grafting took place 
above 44° at about 44.°5; at first the temperature descended, then it 
rose to 45°,05, after which it fell again, at first pretty rapidiy, then 
iess rapidly and at last very rapidly again. 
-The whole line shows the type of a line of solidification of a 
mixture, the melting-range is here about 1°.8, but can be considerably 
larger still, which already follows from this that in one experiment 
a temperature maximum was observed of 46°. 
That the phosphorus which has been ill-treated in this way, and 
at first unites to a distinctly visible conglomerate in the solid state 
tries to reach internal equilibrium pretty rapidly, follows from fig. 5. 
The curve traced in this figure is, namely, a curve of heating, which 
