( 1206 ) 
enables, moreover, auxanographically to observe the influence of 
various compounds on fat-splitting, namely by dialysis of a solid 
medium. 
This is effected in the following way : 
The surface of a broth-agar plate in a glass box is rubbed with 
a culture of fat-splitting microbes and allowed to stand about 8 days 
at + 25° C. In that time the bacteria have grown and produced 
lipase which is diffused in the agar. Now the bacteria are washed 
off the agar with water containing thymol, whereupon the agar is 
removed from the box and put into a vessel of distilled water. If 
now during the first 24 hours the water is a few times refreshed, 
the agar contains only very small quantities of dialisable compounds 
after 36 hours whilst of the slowly diffusing lipase a sufficient 
amount for the experiments remains behind. 
When this agar is put on a fat-layer in a culture box the fat is 
only very feebly decomposed over the whole surface; on the other 
hand, compounds brought on the agar and favouring the decompo- 
sition of the fat produce a white field. 
In this way it was stated that the following compounds favour 
very much the decomposition of fat by lipase: calciumsulphate, 
calciumehlorid, magnesiumehlorid, natriumbicarbonate, ammonium- 
chlorid, ammoniumsulphate, trimethylamine, natriumglycocholate, 
particularly calcium- and magnesiumsalts, natrium glycocholate and 
trimethylamine; whilst kalium, natrium, ferric and manganese salts 
exert less influence. In general it may be observed that small quan- 
tities of electrolytes favour the fat-splitting by lipase. In the same 
way it was stated that methyl-, aethyl- and amylaleohol retard the 
process, sugars and glycerine being of no influence. 
Analogous results were obtained by experiments with lipase precipi- 
tated from a mierobie culture by means of alcohol. 
From these facts follows that lipase produced by microbes presents 
a great similarity to liver- and pancreatic lipase. 
The investigations of PorreviN, Kanitz, Henri, LORVENHART and 
Maenus have shown that calcium ions and natrium glycocholate are 
very favourable to the process of fat-splitting. The fat-splitting power 
of liver extract diminishes by dialysis whilst substitution of the 
dialysate to the dialised extract again gives an active lipase. As 
co-enzyme natrium glycocholate may be substituted instead of the 
dialysate, with the same result. 
By means of pancreatic lipase PorrrviN succeeded to prepare fat 
synthetically in a biochemical way; we shall see that also with the 
help of microbie lipase fat is formed from a fatty acid and glycerine. 
