36 
Pyralidae, Pterophoridae, Tortricidae, Tineidae are not represented, 
as to their larval stage, in the collection KALLENBACH, no more so are 
Eriocephalidae and Micropterygidae. Judging from the drawings of 
FRACKER, they show the common type /, to which the inferior sub- 
dorsal and sometimes the prostigmal are added. 
For the Pterophoridae O. HorFMANN proved that some species 
possess setae, others verrucae, arranged according to type /. The 
deviations occurring in a few species can be easily brought back 
to the typical form, which in this case also includes the prostigmal 
seta. 1 am occupied with an investigation of this family, the results 
hitherto obtained harmonize with the above conclusions. 
Taking all this together | feel justified in asserting that my type / 
can everywhere be recognized as the fundamental plan of the larval 
design. Up to the present time J have not succeeded in harmonizing 
this pattern with that occurring in other Insect-orders. The following 
groups would chiefly come into consideration in this instance. Blattidae 
Spuler), Tenthredinidae, Trichoptera (Dyar), Panorpata (Handlirsch). 
Perhaps Tower’s excellent figures of Leptinotarsa may prove useful, 
but as yet these comparisons have not led to any satisfactory result. 
Originally the pigment-accumulations agree with type /. Perhaps 
the linear markings are the result of spots, accidentally arranged in 
horizontal lines and meeting so as to coalesce, just as was actually 
observed in Phalera bucephala. As I could not obtain certain proof 
for this assumption, I prefer to reserve it until special investigations 
have brought the solution, and in the meantime to consider the 
longitudinal stripes as a new and independent element in the colour- 
markings, acquired after the spots, which for their part are bound 
to the setal pattern. 
lt is not surprising that the setal pattern in its primitivity or only 
inconsiderably modified is repeated on all segments of the body, with 
the exception of the two hinder ones, which also in other instances 
show great deviations from the general type. We consider it as a 
consequence of the strong homoiomery (= homonomy) governing 
the whole larval body. But an uninterrupted stripe, running in a 
longitudinal direction over a definite part of the segment, which 
part has become modified in consequence, is quite a different feature. 
Possibly those stripes which during the phylogeny have arisen step 
by step, as in Phalera bucephala, recede in the ontogeny to younger 
and younger instars. (Weismann). Yet it might fairly be expected, 
that when the stripe appears during the second instar for instance, 
it would be preceded during the first one by a series of isolated 
spots. This I could never detect. So the idea of mutations, by which 
