175 
Chemistry. — “The system Llron-Carbon-Oxygen”. By Prof. W. 
Rempers. (Communicated by Prof. J. Borseken). 
(Communicated in the meeting of May 27, 1916) 
In two previous communications’) it has been shown what disso- 
ciation equilibria in a few ternary systems metal-sulphur-oxygen 
may be thought possible and the result has been given of the 
investigations that have decided which equilibria are really stable. 
In a similar manner the dissociation equilibria in the systems 
metal-carbon-oxygen may now also be treated. Without entering into 
the discussion of the numerous possibilities that are conceivable 
according to the nature of the metal we will treat in the following 
the equilibria to be expected with a single metal, namely iron. 
Similar considerations apply mutatis mutandis also to other metals, 
The ternary system Fe—C—O is based on 3 binary systems, 
namely C—O, Fe—O and Fe—C. 
The first has already been studied in 1864 by Sr. Crarre Devine’) 
and later by Boupovarp®), Mayer and Jacosy *), Rurap and WHEELER*) 
in a more accurate manner. The proportion of the two oxides CO 
and CO, in a gaseous mixture in equilibrium with carbon is conse- 
quently now known with a fairly great certainty. 
The stable oxides of iron are Fe,O,, Fe,O, and FeO. The first 
two form certainly phases apart. Between Fe,O, and FeO, however, 
a mixing in the solid condition might be possible, according to a 
more recent research of Hitpert and Bryer’). We will disregard 
this possibility, which has found no confirmation during the investi- 
gations in the ternary system with carbon‘). 
As to the system iron-carbon a number of papers have appeared, 
ever since 1900 when Bakuuis RoozrBoom*) published his views 
1) WY REINDERS, Equilibria in the system Pb—S—O. Proc. 17, 703 (1914) and 
W. Reinpers and F. Gouprrsan, Equilibria in the system Cu—S—O, Proc. 18, 150 
(1915). 
2) G. R. 59, 873 (1864). 
5) Ann. d. chim. et d. phys. (7) 24, 1 (1901). 
*) Journ. f. Gasbeleuchtung 52, 1909. 
5) Journ. Chem. Soc. 97, 2178; 99, 1140 (1911). 
6) Ber. d. D. chem. Ges. 44, 1608 (1911). 
7) See, for instance V. laucxe, Z. f. Elektrochem. 22, 121 (1916). 
8) Z. f. physik. Chem. 34, 437 (1910). 
