344 
of thoriumoxide will be formed after some minutes, so that most 
of the thorium will be thrown out of solution. *) 
The other elements of this group of the periodical system yield, 
even in small quantities, an intense deposit in RinGEr’s mixture. 
This indeed could be helped by changing the reaction of the fluid, 
but we know that by changing the hydrogen-ions-concentration 
Rincer’s mixture is rendered very poisonous for the heart. | regretted, 
therefore, not to be able to extend my experiments to these elements. 
Only thoriumnitrate forms a favourable exception as the precipitate 
appears only after quite a long interval when 50 mgrms of thorium- 
nitrate are added to (R.—K.). 
CONCLUSION. 
Just as RincGer demonstrated with respect to rubidium we have 
proved, in our communications, that uranium and thorium can take 
the place of potassium in Lockr-Rincer’s solution. 
Either element appeared to be antagonistic also to caleium, a 
property assigned by Rincer to potassium and rubidium. The same 
researcher also recerded that calcium may be substituted by strontium 
as regards its antagonism for potassium. 
Mr. Jones proved the antagonism of strontium to uranium and 
thorium. fi 
LorB attaches importance to the val ney of ions in the antagonism 
of the salts. In the case of uranium I was able to show that the valency 
is of no consequence. The only condition to be fulfilled was the 
presence of the uranium atom. In the case of thorium [ was not 
able to ascertain this, having no compounds at my disposition, in 
which the cation is of different valency. 
1) Mr. JounEs investigated the antagonism of thorium for strontium, as had 
been done with uranium. He stated that the toxicity of the thorium in RineeRr’s 
mixture is obviated by strontium, 250 mgrms of strontium chloride being an 
equipoise for 50 mgrms of thoriumnitrate. 
