107 
town average. That was the reason why I did not take these citizens 
into consideration, in fixing the provincial average. 
The difference between the indices of the population of the two 
towns and of the province in which these towns are situated, are 
apparent from the foregoing and from the following table. 
NoordHolland \ in the country 80.5 
( Amsterdam (ee 
in the country 79.6 
Zuid-Holland Rotterdam 79.2 
A comparison of these indices teaches us that the people of both 
these big towns have a relatively narrower head than the people 
living in the country, surrounding these towns. This fact is not new, 
it has been well-known for a long time that in general the population 
of a town belongs to a more long-headed type than the people 
living in the country, this rule holds good also for the towns of 
Amsterdam and Rotterdam. 
As far as I had a sufficient number of data at my disposal, I 
sought, in how far this rule could be applied to towns of a smaller 
size. This fact is proved by the following data for the towns of 
Utrecht, Arnhem and Haarlem. 
Utrecht (province) 80.5 
Utrecht (town) Gel 
Gelderland 80.4 
Arnhem 79.4 
N. Holland 80.5 
Haarlem 79.4 
Adding to these data those, mentioned above for Amsterdam and 
Rotterdam, it is obvious that in the towns mentioned above, the 
Index cephalicus oscillates between 79 and 79.4, and this is com- 
paratively far below the provincial averages. The citizen has, as 
regards the proportions of his head, a type of his own, opposed to 
the rural people and this type occurs already in towns of a relatively 
small extent. We only state this fact without going farther into the 
importance or into the theories, based on this fact. 
Let us consider now the second group of numbers, which are 
marked in the provinces on the map added to this article and which 
refer to the absolute measurements of the head. The number indicates 
the sum of the greatest length and greatest breadth of the head. 
