519 
From this we see that when the head is raised only 10° above 
the horizontal, the position of the eye in space remains constant. 
Then the eye deviates. 
With a view to the difficulties attending photographing the lowering 
and the raising of the head were carried out respectively only 70° 
below and 60° above the horizontal. 
In five other experiments the head was lowered to 90° and raised 
to 80° and the rotatory movements were determined by the naked 
eye with the aid of a protractor. 
Our constant experience was now that the eye persists in its position 
in space when the head is lowered 90° under the horizontal and when 
it is raised 10° above the horizontal. 
Now if we consider that in a normal posture of the rabbit, the 
head is bent down about 35°, it will be seen that, in daily life, the 
animal can bring the attitude of his head from this position in the 
vertical plane between the rather wide limits (downwards about 55° 
and upwards about 45°) into every other position, without any 
alteration in the eye-position in space, consequently also without 
any alteration of its field of vision. 
This fact has also received BARANY’s *) attention. He burned a line 
into the cornea and noted with the naked eye the position of this 
line when the head was moved in a vertical plane. He believes the 
reflexes to be exclusively labyrinth reflexes. Literally he says: “Ich 
bemerke, das während dieser ganzen Bewegungen des Kopfes die 
Stellung des Körpers unverändert horizontal belassen wurde. Das 
Tier ist also mit dem Körper festgehalten, der Kopf aber wird frei 
nach unten und oben bewegt. Wie wir später hören werden, haben 
Veränderungen der Körperstellung eine Veränderung der Augen- 
stellung zu Folge’. 
Further on a deseription is given of the movements, in which 
also the “Körperstellung” is changed and the cervical reflexes, found 
by BARANY and alluded to above, are discussed. 
This view of BARANY rests upon an error. The gist of the matter 
is not whether the “Körperstellung’”’ remains constant, but whether 
the posture of the body relative to the head remains the same. So 
if the head of an animal is inclined to the front, cervical reflexes 
are sure to ensue even when the trunk is fixed completely. This, 
indeed, is easy to demonstrate, as we said before, by performing 
the same movement of the head of rabbits without a labyrinth. 
1) R. Bárány. Nordisk Tidskrift för Oto-Rhino-Laryngologi. Bd. IL. N°. 4. 1917, 
p. 477. 
