553 



Chemistry. — "Coiicemiiu/ conibination.s of aniline witli liydro- 

 chloric acid". By J. (J. Thonus. (Communicated by Prof. 



F. A. H. SCHREINEMAKERS). 



As I am engaged in the investigation of' the equilibria between 

 water, aniline and an acid, I wish to state brietly the results, which 

 I have found at 0° in the system Water-Aniline-Hydrochloric acid. 

 In the literature is described : 



1. the aniline hydrochloride, to which is given the formula 

 C,H, .NH, .HCI. 



2. C.H^ .NH, .(HC1)3, obtained by von Korczynski at —75°'). 

 The compounds, which I have found at 0°, are the following : 



(C«H,NH,), . HCl = Dg, 

 (C,H,.NH,),.(HC1)3.H,0:=D5.3., 

 CeH^NH, . HCI=D,.i 



(0,H,NHAo.(HCl)„ = Dio.n. 



From my research I cannot deduce with certainty that Di.i exists 

 at 0° (at 25° and 35° I have however, been able to determine the 

 existence of Du with certainty). 



Fig. I, which has i)een very much schematized for the sake of 

 clearness, represents the equilibria, which exist at 0° in the system 

 Water-Aniline-Hydrochloric acid; the angular points W =i water, 

 Z ^ hydrochloric acid, An =: Aniline represent the three components. 

 The isotherm at 0^ exists, as far as it has been determined out of the 

 following saturationcurves : 



ah is the saturationcurve of Dc.i . 



be represents solutions, in equilibrium, either with Di i , or 

 with Dio.ii . 



cd is the saturation curve of the hydrate D.-,.3.i . 



de is the saturation curve of D.o.n- 



U he represents solutions, saturated with Dio.n, then Dio.n makes 

 its appearance twice, the saturation curve of D53.1 cutting out a 

 part in the middle. 



A second possibility is, that be is the saturation curve of Di.i. 



Lastly, although he is only a small curve, yet it may consist of 

 two curves, viz. the saturation curve of Dj. and that of Dio.i;. In 

 this instance the isotherm would consist of five saturation curves, 

 in which only four different solid substances make their appearance. 



1) Berichte 43. 1820 (1910). 



