104 TTTBERCUIiOSIS. 



ingestion. High scientific authorities, whose knowledge is not, 

 I beheve, called in question, particularly warn us of the dange^ 

 to which they are exposed who use the unboiled milk or tli® 

 underdone flesh of tuberculous animals. Notwithstanding the 

 strong terms in which they refer to this great danger, however, 

 I have been unable to find in any of their published works with 

 which I am acquainted that they regard the danger of communi- 

 cation by such means as greater than that which is associated 

 with quite different circumstances. I shall endeavour to show 

 in this paper that some of them hold quite an opposite opinion, 

 for the opportunities of contracting the disease from other 

 human subjects are infinitely more easy and more frequent. 

 Before proceeding further I desire to point out that if there is a 

 danger that human beings may contract tuberculosis from cattle, 

 so also is there a danger that cattle may contract the disease 

 from human beings, and upon the whole lam tempted to believe 

 that the cattle incur as great a risk as we do. It seems now 

 to be generally conceded that the tumours which are so commonly 

 found in cattle, and which frequently involve the salivary glands, 

 are one of the manifestations of tuberculosis. Dobson, in 1864, 

 described these under the term " Tuberculous disease," and since 

 I obtained (in 1865) a copy of his book on " The Ox : his 

 diseases and their treatment," I have been accustomed to so 

 regard them. These "lumpy" cattle, as bushmen call them, 

 do not improve with keeping. If the salivary glands are involved 

 the growth of the tumours is often so considerable that they 

 mechanically interfere with respiration. Under any circumstances, 

 unless they are removed with the knife, the result is a loss of 

 condition, a gradual pining accompanied in many cases by 

 chrDnic diarrhoea. To "save" the animal, therefore, as it is 

 sometimes suggestively explained, the appearance of a lump 

 furnishes a reason for putting him into the cask. Many hundreds 

 of lumpy cattle are so disposed of, and of my own knowledge 

 I can say that the milk of lumpy cows has been sometimes used 

 even for young children ; and yet T venture to think there are fewer 

 tuberculous persons who contract the disease in the country, 

 where these things are of everyday occurrence, than in the towns 

 where much more care is exercised to prevent them. But then, 

 we are told, people who live in the country and are continually 



