16 THE ETHNOGRAPHY ol" LEPROSY, ETC. 



considerable extent anion.t;' the people." From this time to the 

 present the most strenuous efforts, and enormous outlay, have 

 failed to check the disease, and in 1894 there were 1155 lepers 

 in the settlement at jMolokai. 



Here we have a clear case of the introduction of the disease, 

 although some have tried to show that it was prevalent in 

 Hawaii at the time of its discovery. 



Leprosy made its appearance, and began to spread, exactly 

 at the time when Chinese coolies tlocked to the islands ; and 

 even now there are 26 Chinese lepers, and only 24 of all other 

 nationalities except Hawaiian. The discovery of gold in Cali- 

 fornia was the proximate cause of the introduction of Leprosy 

 into Hawaii. 



One cannot leave the notice of Hawaii without a niede of 

 praise and admiration to a government that has shown such an 

 enlightened perception of an awful crisis — one that threatens the 

 very existence of the nation. 



The facts seem to justify the following conclusion : — 

 LcpriiHij ill till' I'.dst Jiuliiiii Aniiijii'ldiiii idiiI On-ania is i-nu'ri-- 

 viinoit;-; ttiid co-existnit, i)i tini ■ ami umi, irith tlic ('Jii)i"sr codlir. 



Indian and Japanese Ineluence. — The intiuenee of India 

 and Japan upon this area is almost nil. India, it is true, is 

 leprous ; but it does not send contingents of the coolie class into 

 our area, the chief Hindu emigrants are traders of a class far 

 above the coolie ranks. 



So too with regard to Japan, the coolie class is practically 

 absent. It may very well be that the Leprosy of South Korea, 

 a recent introduction, nuxy be due to Japanese influence, but the 

 Archipelago and Oceania have no such charge to bring against 

 this nation. 



Chinese Tkai>ers and Coolies. — We draw a broad line of 

 distinction between the Chinese trader and the Chinese coolie. 

 The trader belongs to a higher social level, and he goes abroad 

 as a master, and not as a servant ; he is not of the class that 

 supplies most of the lepers. That he is not responsible for tlie 

 spread of Leprosy is sh;)wn by many facts, of which we may cite 

 three. 



