APPENDIX 



49. White-headed Woodpecker; Xenopicus albolarvatus (Cass.). 

 An easily recognized species. Body black, head all around white; 



male with a scarlet band on back of head. A common form in the 

 Sierra Nevada Mountains. 



50. Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker; Picoides arcticus (Swains.). 

 Back black; under parts white, the sides barred with black. A 



white stripe below the eye, and outer feathers of the tail white. Male 

 with a yellow crown patch. One of the rarer species breeding in the 

 northern Sierra Nevada Mountains. 



51. Red-naped Sapsucker; Sph})rapicus varius nuchalis Baird. 

 An intermediate form between the yellow-bellied sapsucker of the 



eastern states and the red-breasted sapsucker of the Pacific Coast. Red 

 of the throat spreading to sides of the head in adult male, and female 

 with throat more red than in the eastern bird, but less red than in the 

 following species, which it otherwise resembles. In California only on 

 the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. 



52. Red-breasted Sapsucker; Sph})rapicus ruber (Gmel.). 

 Length, eight and a half inches. Entire head and breast carmine 



red in adult male. Back streaked or spotted black and whitish, the 

 white often tinged with yellow. Belly pale yellowish; wings white with 

 a broad white patch on the upper wing and white spots on the flight- 

 feathers. Immature birds show every gradation from a brownish gray 

 bird, but some yellow tinge nearly always apparent. Breeds in the 

 mountains and south in winter through the valleys. A darker north- 

 west coast form, the northern red-breasted sapsucker (S. ruber notfiensis 

 Suckow) is distinguished. 



53. Williamson's Sapsucker; Sph})rapicus th^roideus (Cass.). 

 An exceedingly showy species in the adult male plumage. Glossy 



black; belly clear yellow; throat-patch scarlet. Upper tail-coverts, bar 

 on wing-coverts, and two stripes on face, one back of eye and a parallel 

 one below it, white. The female differs greatly. Body continuously 

 barred crosswise with black and white. A black patch on breast; belly 

 yellow; head brown. A striking species of the Sierra Nevada Moun- 

 tains. 



54. Northern Pileated Woodpecker "Log-Cock"; Ceophlceus 

 pileaius abieiicola Bangs. 



Immediately distinguishable from all other California woodpeckers 

 by its immense size and its crest. General color brownish black or dark 

 slaty. Head crested with scarlet ; the throat, a wide stripe on face, wing 



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