APPENDIX 



111. Mexican Crossbill ; Loxia curviroslra stricklandi Ridgw. 



Cannot be mistaken on account of the overlapping tips of the beak. 

 General color of male reddish, streaked with dusky below, and wings 

 dusky. Female yellowish olive and dusky. Breeds in the high northern 

 Sierras and to the northward. Winters in the mountains of California. 



I 12. Gray-crowned Leucosticte; Rosy Finch; Leucosticte tephro- 

 cotis Swains. 



Length about six inches. Wings long. Ground dwellers of the 

 high mountains, often frequenting patches of snow. Forehead black; 

 top of head light gray; fore parts of body light chocolate brown with 

 dusky or grayish edgings; hind parts of body pale rose color or pinkish. 

 A northern species breeding in the high Sierras; in winter south in the 

 mountains and foothills. 



113. Redpoll; Acanihis linar'ia (Linn.). 



A small streaked bird (five and a half inches long) ; dusky, white 

 and brownish in color, with the crown crimson and the throat blackish; 

 the breast and rump are rose red in the full-plumaged male. Northern 

 California in the mountains during the winter months. 



114. Willow-Goldfinch; Western American Goldfinch; Astra- 

 galinus tristis salicamanus (Grinnell). 



The goldfinches are small birds, usually in flocks except when breed- 

 ing. The colors of the group are yellow, greenish, gray and black. 

 They have characteristic twittering call-notes. The male willow-gold- 

 finch in summer is bright yellow, with black cap, wings and tail, the two 

 latter marked with white. In winter the plumage changes to a pale 

 brownish and yellowish, lighter below, with black wings and tail as in 

 summer. The female in summer is olive above and dusky yellow below. 

 Tolerably common resident in California, but locally distributed. In- 

 distinguishable except in minute details from the American goldfinch. 



I 15. Arkansas or Green-backed Goldfinch; Astragalinus psaltria 

 (Say). 



Length, four and a half inches or less. Cap black; back bright 

 olive-green; wing black with white bar; under parts bright yellow. 

 Female olive-brownish tinged with green above, and olive-gray tinged 

 with yellow below. An exceedingly abundant resident of the valleys 

 and foothills. 



116. Lawrence's Goldfinch; Astragalinus lawrencei (Cass.). 

 Length, four and a half inches or more. Cap black; back grayish 

 brown tinged with yellow ; wing black edged with yellow ; throat black ; 



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