APPENDIX 



collar on neck and the forehead white or pale brownish; upper tail- 

 coverts rufous; chin chestnut; a black spot on throat; breast buffy brown 

 paling to grayish and white on the belly. Tail short and square. Every- 

 where common, nesting under eaves of barns. 



149. Barn-Swallow; Hirundo er^throgaster Bodd. 



General color above lustrous bluish black. Forehead and throat 

 rufous, the belly buffy brown or rufous. An irregular bluish black collar 

 below. Outermost pair of tail-feathers greatly elongated into the t)rpical 

 swallow-tail. Female similar but duller. A beautiful and abimdant 

 summer resident. 



150. White-belfied Swallow; Tach^cineia bicolor (Vieill.). 

 Length, six inches. Above dark glossy bluish, below pure white. 



Nesting in bird boxes or holes in trees. A summer resident of the foot- 

 hills and mountains, both of the Coast Range and the Sierra Nevadas. 

 Migrating south through the valleys. 



151. Northern Violet-green Swallows; Tach^cineta thalassina 

 lepida (Mearns). 



Length, five inches. A peculiarly beautiful species; feathers with a 

 silky texture. Above a soft rich green, changing to purplish brown on 

 the crown and to violet purplish on the upper tail-coverts. Colors not 

 lustrous as in preceding species. Wings and tail blackish purple. Lower 

 parts pure white. A common summer resident in the mountains where it 

 nests in holes in trees. 



152. Rough-winged Swallow; Stelgidopter^x serripennis (Aud.). 

 This and the next species can scarcely be distinguished in life. The 



distinguishing mark of this bird is the outer edge of the first flight-feather, 

 which has a series of stiff hooks upon it. Length, five inches and a half. 

 Above plain brownish giay; below pale grayish, whitish on belly. 

 Irregularly distributed in suitable localities, chiefly in interior valleys and 

 to the northward. Nests in holes in sand banks. 



153. Bank-Swallow; Riparia riparia (Linn.). 



Like preceding but without rough edge of wing, and with a curious 

 little tuft of feathers at base of toes. A distinct dark band on breast. 

 Nests in similar situations and distribution about the same as preceding. 



THE WAXWING FAMILY 



Birds with a crest extending into a point; bill rather short and com- 

 pressed; adults without any suggestion of streaking. Two very different 

 groups are included in this family — the waxwings and the phainopepla. 



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