APPENDIX 



and sides are obscure or wanting. A common, solitary bird of the val- 

 leys and foothills of California, where it is a resident species. On the 

 Santa Barbara Islands a slightly different race has been recognized, 



THE VIREO FAMILY 

 Small, unstreaked birds, without brilliant markings, generally colored 

 in soft tones of olive-greenish or grayish. Bill slender, but stouter than 

 a warbler's, with which group the vireos may easily be confounded. 

 Active in habits, and with sweet warbling songs. Insect-eaters, frequent- 

 ing trees and groves. Nest a suspended cup-shaped basket. All species 

 very similar and difficult to distinguish in life. Length four or live 

 inches. 



159. Warbling Vireo; Vireo gilvus (Vieill.). 



Head brownish gray; back grayish olive, differing but little from 

 head ; rump greenish olive ; breast dull white ; sides pale yellowish ; a faint 

 whitish line above the eye; no wing bars. A common, generally dis- 

 tributed summer resident. 



160. Cassin's Vireo; Vireo solitarius cassinii (Xantus). 



Head bluish gray; back grayish olive, contrasting with bluish of 

 head; rump greenish olive; breast dull white; sides pale yellowish; a 

 conspicuous white ring around eye; two white wing bars. Breeds in the 

 mountains of California, and migrates south through the valleys. 



161. Hutton's Vireo; Vireo hutioni Cass. 



Head dull greenish gray ; back greenish olive ; rump brighter greenish 

 olive; breast pale olivaceous yellowish; sides darker yellowish; a dull 

 whitish ring around eye; two white wing bars; the wings edged with 

 yellowish. A winter resident of the valleys, breeding in the mountains; 

 never very common. In general a more yellowish gray tone of colora- 

 tion than in other species. 



162. Least Vireo; Vireo bellii pusillus Coues. 



Size small. Head dull gray ; back olive-gray ; rump indistinct olive- 

 greenish; breast silky white; ring around eye indistinct; wing bars narrow. 

 Southern and interior valley regions of the State. A plain grayish little 

 bird inhabiting willows and thickets. 



1 63. Gray Vireo ; Vireo vicinior Coues. 



Very similar to the preceding, but wing bars indistinct or wanting. 

 Very rare in the interior of southern California. 



THE WOOD-WARBLER FAMILY 

 One of the most interesting and attractive groups of North-American 

 birds. Inhabitants of woodland and grove; insect-eaters; rather small, 



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