130 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



ern Iowa was practically an unsettled prairie, with abundant 

 marshland, and the habits and relative abundance of species dif- 

 fered materially from the conditions of the present day, with a 

 farm on almost every quarter-section, large planted groves, and 

 the sloughs and marshes largely drained or naturally dried up. 

 Mr. Krider's notes on Iowa birds are particularl}- interesting to 

 the writer from having been made principally in Winnebago 

 county, where most of his own early observations were made. I 

 have heard old settlers tell many tales of Mr. Krider and the great 

 quantities of birds collected by him in Winnebago county. 



The first formal list which was exclusively lowan appeared in 

 White's Geology of Iowa in 1870. ^ This enumerated 283 species, 

 not annotated. Ninety-two species were marked as having been 

 ob.served within or near the borders of the state in the breeding 

 season . 



An impulse was given to ornithological work in Iowa by the 

 efforts of Professor W. W. Cooke, in 188 1-2, to secure the assist- 

 ance of the ornithologists of Iowa in studying the migrations of 

 birds. In 1883 the scope of the work was extended to include 

 the whole Mi.ssissippi Valley, four observers reporting from Iowa. 

 In 1884 twenty-six ob.servers sent reports from eighteen stations 

 in Iowa. In 1885 fourteen new observers reported from Iowa. 

 These collected records form a A'aluable contribution to the study 

 of migration. - 



In 1889 Charles R. Keyes and Dr. H. S. Williams published a 

 'Preliminary Annotated Catalogue of the Birds of Iowa.'* This 

 included brief notes on 262 species, mostly observed in the vicinity 

 of Charles City, Des Moines, and Iowa City, the dates of arrivals 

 and departure being based entirely upon studies conducted in the 

 vicinity of Des Moines, a place of central location, representing 

 nearly a mean for the arrivals and departures over the whole state. 



Herbert Osborn's "Partial Catalogue of the Animals of Iowa 

 Represented in the Collections of the Iowa Agriculural College" 

 (1892), contains a list of birds condensed from the catalogue of 

 Keyes and Williams. 



1. Report on tlie Geoloujical Survey of the State of Iowa, by Charles A. Wliite. Vol. 

 II. 1870. Appeiidi.\ n. A Catalogue of the Kird.s of Iowa, by J. A. Allen, pp. 419-427. 



2. Hird Migration in the ISIis.sissippi Valley in the Years 1S84 and 1885. by W. W. 

 Cooke. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Divi.sion of Economic Ornithology. Bulletin 

 Xo. 2. 188S. 



3. Proc. of the Tavenport Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. V, pp. 113-161. 1SS9. 



