Birds 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



Davenport, Iowa, March, 1907 Vol. XI, Pages 125-417 



THE BIRDS OF IOWA./ 



Bv RIDOLPII MARTIN ANDI^RSON. 



A THESIS 



Subiiiilted to the Faculty of the Cradiiate Collej^e of the State Uiiiversitv 



of Iowa, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the 



Dejrree of Doctor of Philosophy. 



PREFACE. 



The continued and increasirg interest in the various branches 

 of zoological science, and the number of new observers who are 

 entering the field of ornithology, are sufficient reasons for a work 

 of this kind. It is well recognized that only by long-continued 

 observations of the faunae of certain localized areas can the great 

 problems of distribution, migration, and ecology be satisfactorily 

 explained. While a few favored localities, counties and states 

 have had their avi-fauna mapped out with approximate exact- 

 ness, other equall)' important districts have been neglected, either 

 from lack of competent observers or a failure to make public what 

 has been accomplished. 



Within the past few years state lists of the birds of neighboring 

 commonwealths have been published as follows: Kansas (Goss, 

 1891, Lantz, 1899); Indiana (Butler, 1892); Minnesota (Hatch, 

 1892); Michigan (Cook, 1893); Illinois (Ridgway, 1895); Ohio, 

 (Jones, 1903); Wyoming (Knight, 1902); Wi.sconsin (Kumlien 

 and Hollister, 1903); Nebraska (Bruner, Wolcott, and Swenk, 

 1904). While the list of ornithological students in Iowa has been 

 large, and their printed notes are numerous and voluminous, the 

 publication of the same in scattered books and scientific periodi- 

 cals has rendered them inaccessible to the inajority of ornitholo- 

 gists in the state. The onl}^ published lists which treat of the 



[Pkoc. D. a. S., Vol. XI.] 19 [July 24, 1906. 1 



