Society for the Protection of Birds. 
EDUCATIONAL SERIES. Edited by H. E. DRESSER, F.L.S., F.Z.S 
No. 20.—LEAF=-WARBLERS. 
Dy chisds: DRESSER] FOES eE:Z.S; 
CHIFFCHAFF. 
I. Name.—LEAF-WARBLERS. 
Sub-Family—Sylviine. 
Genus—Pnylloscopus. 1. P. collybita. Chiffchaff. 
2. P. trochilus. W illow- Wren. 
3. P. sibilatriz Wood- Wren. 
II. General Description. 
Cuirrcnarr.—Upper parts olive-green, somewhat yellower on the rump; superciliary 
stripe yellowish, becoming white behind the ear coverts; wings and tail brown 
externally, margined with olive green ; under parts dull white washed with greenish 
buff; under wing-coverts pale yellow; bill and legs, dark brown; iris, brown. 
Length about 4°75 inches ; wing, 2°51; tail, 2'05; tarsus, 0°8; second quill equal in 
length to the seventh, and the quills externally emarginate to the sixth inclusive, 
third and fourth quills longest. 
Wittow-Wren.—Upper parts olive-green, yellower on the rump; superciliary streak 
yellowish ; wings and tail dark brown externally, margined with greenish yellow ; 
under parts yellowish white, tinged with sulphur on the flanks ; under wing-coverts, 
yellowish ; bill, dark brown ; legs, light brown; iris, brown. Length, nearly 5 inches ; 
bill, 0°42 ; wing, 2°65 tail, 2°15 ; tarsus, 0°8.2. The second quill intermediate in length 
between the fifth and sixth, the third longest, the primaries externally emarginate 
as far as the fifth. The Willow-Wren may be distinguished from the Chiffchaff by 
its larger size, yellower colour, paler legs, and the difference in the wing formula 
and emargination of the primaries. 
Woop-Wren.—Upper parts olive-green, tinged with sulphur yellow, the crown and 
Illustration, by kind permission of Messrs. Gurney & Jackson, from ‘‘Manual of British Birds,” by 
Mr. Howard Saunders, 
