REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST IQI18 33 
chard, beans, beets, spinach and ornamentals such as dahlias and 
chrysanthemums. In most cases, however, infestation would lead 
to rejection of the plants as being unfit for sale. The occurrence of 
the borer on the Mohawk flats, areas usually submerged each spring, 
makes its very probable that corn stalks or other plant stems contain- 
ing living borers may be swept down stream and the insect become 
established in new territory. A corn stalk containing a living pupae 
was found in June 1919, on Dover Plot island near Coxsackie. 
It was at first thought that the insect was brought into this country 
with hemp imported for the rope walks near Boston, though later 
investigations have developed evidence in support of the insect 
having been introduced with broom corn. It is noteworthy that 
there is a broom factory near the original infestation in Massachusetts, 
that Amsterdam, N. Y., is an important center for this industry and 
even Irving, in the western part of the State, has a small factory. 
The great danger of this insect being shipped in plants or parts of 
plants has resulted in the federal government and the states of Massa- 
chusetts and New York establishing quarantines designed to prevent 
the dissemination of the borer through commercial agencies. Regula- 
tions in New York State prohibit the movement to any points out- 
side of the infested area of ‘‘ any corn fodder or corn stalks whether 
used for packing or otherwise, or any sweet corn or roasting ears, 
corn on the cob or corn cobs; or any herbaceous plants such as culti- 
vated garden or flowering plants, as celery, chard, green or string 
beans in the pod, beet tops, spinach, turnip tops; dahlia, gladiolus 
and chrysanthemum.”’ 
Control. Experience in Massachusetts and New York has shown 
that the most effective method of control is by burning all infested 
stalks and weeds, though there is a probability that a modified system 
of agriculture, directed toward the plowing under or the destruction 
of such materials, may result in a considerable reduction in injury, 
particularly in areas where there is but one brood. 
Corn and corn land in the New York infested areas should be 
handled in such a way as to reduce to a minimum the possibility of 
borers surviving, and this will be accomplished in considerable 
measure by adopting the following precautions: 
Cut corn close to the ground since many borers may winter in the 
stubble. 
Plow thoroughly, preferably in the fall, and endeavor to cover the 
stubble deeply, since such measures destroy many borers. 
Handle corn fodder in such a way as to reduce to a minimum the 
possibility of borers surviving. Putting the corn in a silo is the 
